Three dosages (0.3, 0.7, and 1.0 mg/kg) of recombinant hirudin, a specific inhibitor of thrombin, were compared with heparin (50 units/kg) and placebo for reducing thrombus formation in the carotid arteries of 50 pigs after deep injury by balloon dilatation. Each drug was administered as a bolus followed immediately by a continuous infusion of the same dose per hour. Major end points were quant...

Government funding of the arts has received considerable attention in the United States in recent years. Efforts to cut funding to the National Endowment for the Arts and declining budgets for state arts agencies have raised questions about how much individuals value the arts. This paper applies the contingent valuation method to assess this value, using surveys of random households and of arts...

Introduction Martial arts refers to various systems of training for combat, including Karate, Taekwondo, Kung Fu, Judo, Jujitsu, Tai Chi, Aikido, Hapkido, Muay Thai, Mixed Martial Arts, etc. (Rousseau 2015). The martial arts industry has grown tremendously (Ko 2003). The total revenue of the martial arts studio industry in the world was $3 billion in 2014, and the average annual growth rate was...

Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) have revolutionised reproductive medicine; however, reports assessing the effects of ARTs have raised concerns about the immediate and long-term health outcomes of the children conceived through ARTs. ARTs include manipulations during the periconceptional period, which coincides with an environmentally sensitive period of gamete/embryo development and a...

Studies that have verified the use of yells in force production are inconclusive. Martial arts practitioners enhanced their force production during handgrips when the yell was performed [8], and trained subjects produced higher force when performing elbow flexion during the repetition with the yell [9]. However, during the performance of deadlifts by experienced and inexperienced subjects, no d...

The cognitive and neural mechanisms for recognizing and categorizing behavior are not well understood in non-human animals. In the current experiments, pigeons and humans learned to categorize two non-repeating, complex human behaviors ("martial arts" vs. "Indian dance"). Using multiple video exemplars of a digital human model, pigeons discriminated these behaviors in a go/no-go task and humans...

This paper addresses an issue in art and design research. The art and design community is not homogeneous, and there are artists who feel that research in art is very different from research in design, and deserves to be analysed separately. Likewise, there are designers who feel that design is distinctive and warrants a separate treatment. The fundamental issue in this paper is something that ...

This paper presents SIAP's first attempt to develop methods to measure the non-economic impact of the arts. The best data available on individual participation--periodic surveys of public participation in the arts by the National Endowment for the Arts--provided a wealth of data on individual behavior and attitude, but the few attempts to link these data to larger social contexts focused on the...

Since the economic reform in Vietnam in 1986, the arts community has had more opportunity to develop, given greater artistic and financial autonomy. In this context it has become necessary for arts leaders to develop management skills to adapt to a new competitive context. This has become more important since the Vietnamese government sought to relieve the problem of inadequate state funding fo...

Participation in interpersonal competitions, such as fencing or Japanese martial arts, requires players to make instantaneous decisions and execute appropriate motor behaviors in response to various situations. Such actions can be understood as complex phenomena emerging from simple principles. We examined the intentional switching dynamics associated with continuous movement during interperson...