Opioids in skin function during stress response, regeneration, ageing and, particularly in regulating sensation. In chronic pruritus, topical treatment with Naltrexone changes μ-opioid receptor (μ-OR) localization to relieve itch. The molecular mechanisms behind the effects of Naltrexone on μ-OR function in reduction of itching behavior has not been studied. There is an immediate need to unders...

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of the opioid blocker naltrexone in the inflammatory response in acute pancreatitis (AP). METHODS Acute pancreatitis was induced in anesthetized male Wistar rats by retrograde injection of 2.5% sodium taurocholate diluted in 0.5ml saline into the main pancreatic duct. Animals were randomized to the following experimental groups: Control Group (n=9): animals r...

BACKGROUND Heavy drinking smokers (HDS) have more difficulty quitting smoking than lighter drinkers or abstainers. The opioid antagonist naltrexone may improve smoking quit rates and reduce alcohol use in drinker-smokers, but its relative efficacy in smokers with a range of drinking patterns is unknown. The current study tested the hypothesis that HDS would show differential benefit of naltrexo...

BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is a common consequence of chronic liver inflammation is known to be associated with various manifestation of cardiovascular dysfunction, which has been introduced as a cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Some possible pathogenic mechanisms has been reported and still more details should be explored. AIM The present study is the first study to explore the contribution of endogenous...

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a worldwide public health problem and a polygenetic disorder displaying substantial individual variation. This work aimed to study individual differences in behavior and its association to voluntary alcohol intake and subsequent response to naltrexone in a seamless heterogenic group of animals. Thus, by this approach the aim was to more accurately recapitulate the ...

BACKGROUND The development of analgesic tolerance following chronic morphine administration can be a significant clinical problem. Preclinical studies demonstrate that chronic morphine administration induces spinal gliosis and that inhibition of gliosis prevents the development of analgesic tolerance to opioids. Many studies have also demonstrated that ultra-low doses of naltrexone inhibit the ...

CONTEXT The COMBINE (Combined Pharmacotherapies and Behavioral Intervention) clinical trial recently evaluated the efficacy of medications, behavioral therapies, and their combinations for the outpatient treatment of alcohol dependence. The costs and cost-effectiveness of these combinations are unknown and of interest to clinicians and policy makers. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the costs and cost-e...

AIMS The study estimated serious adverse event (SAE) rates among entrants to pharmacotherapies for opioid dependence, during treatment and after leaving treatment. DESIGN A longitudinal study based on data from 12 trials included in the Australian National Evaluation of Pharmacotherapies for Opioid Dependence (NEPOD). PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGS A total of 1244 heroin users and methadone pati...

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) has been defined as a neurological diagnosed with combination of clinical and neuroimaging findings. A 31-year-old female patient no known history the disease was PRES result physical examination imaging. The had other findings than heroin use related naltrexone implant. Although it reported that is caused by various etiological reasons; infor...

Background: About 8 percent of Iranian adult population are illicit drug abusers. Affected persons grow more each day. Ominous consequences such as divorce, prostitution, murder and other crimes and infectious diseases such as AIDS and hepatitis take place following drug abuse, as well as a loss equall to 29% of national income for our country. Traditional treatment methods wasted too much ti...