in this paper a new method based on strut-and-tie model (stm) is proposed to determine the shear capacity of simply supported rc deep beams and an efficiency factor for concrete with considering the effect of web reinforcements. it is assumed that, the total carried shear force by rc deep beam provided by two independent resistance, namely diagonal concrete strut due to strut-and-tie mechanism ...

The perceptions of farmers about risks in production of fruits and vegetables have been analysed using structured survey method. The study is based on the survey of a total of 634 farmers, comprising 188 fruit farmers and 446 vegetable farmers, covering six districts of Uttar Pradesh, namely, Lucknow, Allahabad, Gorakhpur, Moradabad, Jhansi and Agra. The perceived priorities of farmers about ma...

risks mean cases of uncertainty of project, the impact of which is realized as a threat (negative aspect) and/or opportunity (positive aspect). the traditional viewpoint on risk is a negative viewpoint that implies damages, loss and harmful consequences. judgments such as this on risk merely emphasize on risks management and pay less attention to opportunities management. it is clear that some ...

The Existing Substances Risk Assessment of Nickel was completed in 2008. The straightforward explanation of the goal of this exercise was to determine if the ongoing production and use of nickel in the European Union (EU) causes risks to humans or the environment. The European Union launched the Existing Substances regulation in 2001 to comply with Council Regulation (EEC) 793/93. “Existing” su...

this paper addresses a production and outbound distribution scheduling problem in which a set of jobs have to be process on a single machine for delivery to customers or to other machines for further processing. we assume that there is a sufficient number of vehicles and the delivery costs is independent of batch size but it is dependent on each trip. in this paper, we present an artificial imm...

Dependence structures of multiple risks play an important role in optimal allocation problems for insurance, quantitative risk management, and finance. However, in many existing studies on these problems, risks or losses are often assumed to be independent or comonotonic or exchangeable. In this paper, we propose several new notions of dependence to model dependent risks and give their characte...

The electricity systems have a central role to play in the transition towards a low carbon economy and integration of renewable energy sources in the European Union. However, the European electricity networks face a diverse set of existing and new risks that can hamper the energy security of member countries. This paper aims to qualitatively and quantitatively assess these risks given the chang...

Heparin is an injectable anticoagulant that prevents coagulation. There are presently high and low molecular heparins as well as synthetic pentasaccharide inhibitors. Given its ubiquitous use in sensitive medical states, there is a high concern for safety with this drug. Heparin can induce several distinct immune-mediated reactions. There are several options to consider when heparin allergy occ...