BACKGROUND Respiratory muscle weakness in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) leads to respiratory failure for which non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is an effective treatment. This is used initially at night (n-NIPPV) but, as the disease progresses, diurnal use (d-NIPPV) is often necessary. The connection between NIPPV and relief of respiratory muscle fatigue rema...

1 Goodenberger DM, Couser JI Jr. May JJ. Successful discontinnation of ventilation via tracheostomy by substitution of nasal positive pressure ventilation. Chest 1992; 102:1277-79 2 Alexander MA, Johnson EW, Petty J, Stauch D. Mechanical ventilation of patients with late stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy: management in the home. Arch Phys Med Rehabir 1979; 60:289-92 3 Johnson EW. Duchenne muscu...

The mode of ventilation used during awake extubation has not previously been studied. We conducted a randomised controlled trial comparing spontaneous respiration, intermittent positive pressure ventilation, and pressure support ventilation (each n = 13) for incidence and severity of peri-extubation complications following routine elective surgery. We found the severity of peri-extubation cough...

Background—There is increasing interest in the use of non-invasive nocturnal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in the management of patients with chronic hypercapnoeic (type II) respiratory failure. Although this treatment enables patients requiring mechanical ventilatory support to be treated more readily at home, few studies have been done to demonstrate its long term benefit...

Introduction: Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) has become an integral tool in the management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study was performed to evaluate the early effects of NIPPV on pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), serum N-terminal pro BNP (NT-proBNP), and ventilatory parameters in the COPD patients with...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether non-invasive ventilation reduces mortality and whether there are important differences in outcome by treatment modality. DESIGN Multicentre open prospective randomised controlled trial. SETTING Patients presenting with severe acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema in 26 emergency departments in the UK. PARTICIPANTS Inclusion criteria were age > 16 years, clinic...

Continuous positive-pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure. By Kumar A, Falke KJ, Geffin B, Aldredge CF, Laver MB, Lowentein E, Pontoppidan H. N Engl J Med 1970; 283:1430-6. Reprinted with permission. Continuous positive-pressure ventilation was used in eight patients with severe acute respiratory failure. Cardiac output and lung function were studied during continuous positive-press...