Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are regulated, in part, through activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/Akt pathway. Using pharmacologic inhibitors, we have examined the relative contributions of Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling to VEGF production in neuroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma cells growing under normoxic (21% O(2)) or hypoxic (1% O(2))...

PURPOSE To present a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the intrinsic laryngeal musculature and discuss the treatment of this rare tumor. METHODS AND MATERIALS A 45year-old male presented with an eleven month history of hoarseness. A mass of the posterior glottis was noted on fiberoptic laryngoscopy. Computed tomography indicated a 1.5×2.5cm laryngeal mass without cartilage involvement. Di...

purpose : to report the outcome of a case of primary conjunctival rhabdomyosarcoma treated by surgical excision combined with chemotherapy case report : a 4-year-old boy presented with a visible recurrence of conjunctival mass in the left eye. the orbital magnetic resonance imaging (mri) showed the lesion was confined to the conjunctiva without orbital infiltration. histology and immunophenotyp...

Rhabdomyosarcoma rarely metastasizes to the breast. We report a case of a pediatric patient who initially presented with a right breast mass and pancytopenia, which was subsequently diagnosed as alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Despite initial favorable response to chemotherapy, a new metastatic focus was found in the contralateral breast 10 months later.

Rhabdomyosarcoma frequently infiltrates bone marrow and this process involves the stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)-CXCR4 axis. Because leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), like SDF-1, is secreted by bone marrow stroma and directs the regeneration of skeletal muscles, we examined whether the LIF-LIF receptor (LIF-R) axis affects the biology of rhabdomyosarcoma cells. We found that in rhabdomyosarco...

this is a picture review of a case of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma. the course of patients diagnosis, treatment and outcome is briefly presented.

introduction: septal deviation is the chief cause of chronic nasal obstruction. in order to treat such cases, nasal septoplasty surgery is usually performed based on patient complaints and a surgeon's examination, both of which are subjective. this study aims at using the objective parameters of acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry to evaluate the effectiveness of septoplasty surgery.   ...