Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a Flaviviridae pestivirus, is arguably one of the most widespread cattle pathogens worldwide. Each of its two genotypes has two biotypes, non-cytopathic (ncp) and cytopathic (cp). Only the ncp biotype of BVDV may establish persistent infection in the fetus when infecting a dam early in gestation, a time point which predates maturity of the adaptive immune sys...

The modulation of DNA accessibility by nucleosomes is a fundamental mechanism of gene regulation in eukaryotes. The nucleosome core particle (NCP) consists of 147 bp of DNA wrapped around a symmetric octamer of histone proteins. The dynamics of DNA packaging and unpackaging from the NCP affect all DNA-based chemistries, but depend on many factors, including DNA positioning sequence, histone var...

We conducted molecular dynamics computer simulations of charged histone tail-DNA interactions in systems mimicking nucleosome core particles (NCP) . In a coarse-grained model, the NCP is modeled as a negatively charged spherical particle with flexible polycationic histone tails attached to it in a dielectric continuum with explicit mobile counterions and added salt. The size, charge, and distri...

The measurement of parity nonconservation (PNC) in atomic cesium is discussed in detail. With a spin-polarized atomic beam, this experiment achieves a fractional uncertainty of 0.35% in the measurement of the PNC amplitude for the transition between the 6S and 7S states of cesium, the lowest uncertainty of atomic PNC to date. By comparing the PNC amplitude on two hyperfine transitions, we measu...

We focus on studying stochastic nonlinear complementarity problems (SNCP) and stochastic mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints (SMPEC). Instead of the NCP functions employed in the literature, we use the restricted NCP functions to define expected residual minimization formulations for SNCP and SMPEC. We then discuss level set conditions and error bounds of the new formulation. Num...

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), together with Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and Border disease virus (BDV) of sheep, belongs to the genus Pestivirus of the Flaviviridae. BVDV is either cytopathic (cp) or noncytopathic (ncp), as defined by its effect on cultured cells. Infection of pregnant animals with the ncp biotype may lead to the birth of persistently infected calves that are immun...

The network coding problem (NCP), which aims to minimize network coding resources such as nodes and links, is a relatively new application of genetic algorithms (GAs) and hence little work has so far been reported in this area. Most of the existing literature on NCP has concentrated primarily on the static network coding problem (SNCP). There is a common assumption in work to date that a target...

Nutcracker phenomenon (NCP) is caused by a compression of left renal vein between aorta and superior mesenteric artery. The traditional clinical manifestations of nutcracker syndrome is usually accompanied with abdominal pain, hematuria, orthostatic proteinuria, and varicocele formation, however, hypertension is rarely reported as main clinical feature. We describe a male adolescent with manife...

Epigenetic changes, including histone modifications or chromatin remodeling are regulated by a large number of human genes. We developed a strategy to study the coordinate regulation of such genes, and to compare different cell populations or tissues. A set of 150 genes, comprising different classes of epigenetic modifiers was compiled. This new tool was used initially to characterize changes d...

In this paper we demonstrate a facile and efficient way to fabricate poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) molds with hexagonal non-close-packed (ncp) arrangements of microwells by casting PDMS prepolymer onto two-dimensional (2D) ncp colloidal crystals. The templates of the 2D ncp colloidal crystals were fabricated via coupling lift-up soft lithography and solvent-swelling. We found that the depths of...