Rapid growth of urbanization and its complications in recent decades has absorbed urban planners' attention to stability and stable development issues. In this regard community which is the core stone of urban development stayed away from formal system of spatial planning, and established communities are in contrast with preserving stable development rules and principals, therefore this researc...

In this paper we give a motivation for the shrinking rate 1/ √ n: Let p0 and qn be the outlier probability under the ideal model, and some member of a neighborhood about this ideal model of radius rn, respectively. Assuming n i.i.d. observations, the critical rate of rn may be de ned such that the minimax test for outlier probability qn = p0 vs. qn > p0 has asymptotic error probabilities bounde...

The finding that neighboring eukaryotic genes are often expressed in similar patterns suggests the involvement of chromatin domains in the control of genes within a genomic neighborhood.