Neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) is derived from the neuroendocrine system, to generate peptides, and share common neuroendocrine tumor markers. Neuroendocrine tumor is a rare clinical disease, its good location is the stomach, intestine and pancreas [1]. Which occurred in the duodenum NEN, very rare, the literature of all gastrointestinal pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (GEP NEN) of 1.8% 3.8% [2]...

carcinoid tumor is a slow-growing type of neuroendocrine tumor, originating in the enterochromaffin cells and secreting mainly serotonin. the diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms, hormone levels, radiological and nuclear imaging, and histological confirmation. the clinical symptoms are characterized by flushing, diarrhea, abdominal pain, telangiectasia and/or bronchoconstriction. however, mo...

Neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation is infrequent in testicular tumors and its histogenesis is not well understood. The present study is aimed at elucidating the pathway of neuroendocrine differentiation in germ cell tumors (GCTs) of the testis. In the analysis of 46 germ cell tumor components from 23 testicular tumors, we focused on GCTs with neuroendocrine differentiation, 7 teratoma, 1 embry...

Gastric neuroendocrine tumors were originally thought to have a low incidence (three percent). Since endoscopic diagnostic procedures have become clinical routine, they are now found more frequently (relative incidence up to 41 percent). In recent years, classifications have been developed that attempt to consider the biological relevance of these tumors. Four types of gastric neuroendocrine tu...

Neoplastic lesions that demonstrate neuroendocrine features are rare. However, esophageal tumors containing both adenocarcinomatous and neuroendocrine components are exceedingly rare. Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas (MANECs) are gastrointestinal tumors with both adenocarcinomatous and neuroendocrine differentiation. They have a tendency for early metastases but clinically manifest relative...

Neuroendocrine tumours are a heterogonous group of tumours with a wide variety of clinical presentations. They arise from enterochromaffin cells located in neuroendocrine tissue throughout the body. Neuroendocrine tissue is derived from cells which migrated from the neural crest to the gastrointestinal endoderm. There are many types of NETs, phaeochromocytoma’s, small cell carcinoma’s of the lu...

Neuroendocrine tumors are relatively rare tumors with an incidence of 5.25 per 100,000 per year in the United States [1]. They range from well differentiated slow growing tumors to highly aggressive poorly differentiated tumors [2]. The common primary sites of neuroendocrine carcinomas are lung and gastrointestinal tract. However, 3-5 % of these tumors are diagnosed as metastatic disease with u...

cells which are widely distributed in the body. The sites most often affected by these tumors, in order of importance, are the gastrointestinal and bronchopulmonary tracts (1). However, primary neuroendocrine tumors in the presacral region are extremely rare. Even though there were a few reports about neuroendocrine tumor of the presacral region, to the best of our knowledge, primary malignant ...

BACKGROUND The primary neuroendocrine tumors of the gallbladder are very rare, representing 0.2% of all neuroendocrine tumors. The definite diagnosis is incidental in most cases. CASE REPORT A 60-year-old male patient presented with a one-month history of epigastric pain and jaundice, itching, flushing, cough and wheezing. Ultrasound demonstrated the gallbladder containing multiple stones, wi...

Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (GI-NENs) arise from neuroendocrine cells distributed mainly in the mucosa and submucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. In 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of NENs of the digestive system was changed, categorizing these tumors as grade 1 neuroendocrine tumor (NET), grade-2NET, neuroendocrine carcinoma (large- or small-cell type),...