Primary neuroendocrine tumors of the female genital tract have been described in the cervix, ovaries and uterus. Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNC) of the uterine corpus is the least common and appears to behave the most aggressively. We report a rare case of a large cell neuroendocrine tumor of the endometrium. These tumors are not well characterized, unlike neuroendocrine tumors of th...

The intracellular signal transduction mechanisms mediating maturational gonadotropin and somatotropin secretion in goldfish are reviewed. Several major signaling mechanisms, including changes in intracellular [Ca2+], arachidonic acid cascades, protein kinase C, cyclic AMP/protein kinase A, calmodulin, nitric oxide, and Na+/H+ antiport, are functional in both cell types. However, their relative ...

Epithelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (EpCAM) is an epithelial membrane glycoprotein, often used as a surrogate pan-epithelial marker. To compare the expression patterns of EpCAM and pankeratin antibody (CKpan), gold standard detection, tissue microarrays containing 11,053 samples from 101 different tumor types were analysed by immunohistochemistry. staining was detectable in 99 (82.5%) 120 tumou...

Experimental models of neuroendocrine tumour disease are scarce, and no comprehensive characterisation of existing gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (GEPNET) cell lines has been reported. In this study, we aimed to define the molecular characteristics and therapeutic sensitivity of these cell lines. We therefore performed immunophenotyping, copy number profiling, whole-exome sequenci...

The gastric hormone gastrin and its precursors promote proliferation in several gastrointestinal cell types. Here we show that gastrin induces transcription of cell cycle gene cyclin D1 and proto-oncogene c-fos in the neuroendocrine pancreatic cell line AR42J and that this gastrin response is inhibited by endogenous Inducible cAMP Early Repressor (ICER). The transcriptional repressor ICER is kn...

of the lung is a newly recognized clinicopathologic entity and defined as a poorly differentiated and high-grade neuroendocrine tumor that stands morphologically and biologically between atypicall carcinoid and small cell lung carcinomal. Histopathologically, most LCNECs revealed a marked decrease in or a loss of organoid architecture and could be mistaken for poorly differentiated adenocarcino...

BACKGROUND Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is a recently recognized histologic entity whose clinical features and optimal treatment have not yet been well defined and are still being assessed. We report our retrospective assessment of cases of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma observed from 1989 to 1999 in terms of survival. METHODS Cases of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma diagnosed...

•We present a case of cervical large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy with irinotecan plus cisplatin that was extremely effective.•Cervical LCNEC is uncommon and highly aggressive, and optimal therapy has yet to be determined.•This case suggests that neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical hysterectomy could be a useful treatment option for bulky cervical ...

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are derived from neuroendocrine cells that are capable of producing functional peptide hormones. These tumors occur most frequently in the GI tract and lungs. GI NETs frequently metastasize into the liver, though NETs of primary hepatic origin are extremely rare. Ultrasound, CT, and MRI are typically all employed for characterization of these lesions but their appea...

In view of the frequent reports of the increased expression of myc oncogenes in several neuroendocrine tumor types, we have investigated c- and N-myc expression in human medullary carcinoma, a malignant tumor derived from the neuroendocrine "C"-cell subpopulation of the thyroid gland. In situ nucleic acid hybridization was used to permit analysis not only of tumors but also of normal C-cells wh...