Identification of therapeutics against emerging and re-emerging viruses remains a continued priority that is only reinforced by the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Advances in monoclonal antibody (mAb) isolation, characterization, production make it viable option for rapid treatment development. While mAbs are traditionally screened selected based on potency neutralization vitro, clear additional f...

Neutralizing Abs constitute a pivotal mechanism of the adaptive immune response against HIV-1 infection. Yet, most of the Abs that appear in the circulation during HIV infection are nonneutralizing. In this study, we report a dramatic change of the neutralizing properties of a human Ab reactive with the nonneutralizing epitope termed cluster I on the HIV-1 transmembrane protein gp41 when the Ab...

Twenty-six monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) (14 neutralizing and 12 nonneutralizing) were used to examine the antigenic structure, biological properties, and natural variation of the fusion (F) glycoprotein of human type 3 parainfluenza virus (PIV3). Analysis of laboratory-selected antigenic variants and of PIV3 clinical isolates indicated that the panel of MAbs recognizes at least 20 epitopes, 14 ...

BACKGROUND A mass vaccination has been implemented to prevent the spread of 2009 pandemic influenza virus in China. Highly limited information is available on whether this vaccine induces cross-reactive neutralization antibodies against other subtypes of influenza viruses. METHODS We employed pseudovirus-based assays to analyze heterosubtypic neutralization responses in serum samples of 23 re...

The potential of broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting the HIV-1 envelope trimer to prevent HIV-1 transmission has opened new avenues for therapies and vaccines. However, their implementation remains challenging and would profit from a deepened mechanistic understanding of HIV-antibody interactions and the mucosal transmission process. In this study we experimentally determined stoichiometr...

BACKGROUND Only a small fraction of HIV-1-infected patients develop broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), a process generally associated to chronic antigen stimulation. It has been described that rare aviremic HIV-1-infected patients can generate bNAbs but this issue remains controversial. To address this matter we have assessed bNAb responses in a large cohort of long-term non-progressors (...

This study, following up on work on Dutch by Warner, Jongman, Sereno, and Kemps (2004), investigates the influence of orthographic distinctions and underlying morphological distinctions on the small sub-phonemic durational differences that have been called incomplete neutralization. One part of the previous work indicated that an orthographic geminate/singleton distinction could cause speakers ...

The treatment of nonsaturating, neutralizing antibody-poliovirus complexes with papain generally led to the loss of viral neutralization and to the loss of the neutralization-associated change in the isoelectric point (pI) of the virion. Subsequent treatment with anti-immunoglobulin G antibodies restored the neutralization of the virus and the alteration of the viral pI. It appears that, under ...

Abstract Using fictitious country names in hypothetical scenarios is widespread experimental international relations research. We survey sixty-four peer-reviewed articles to find that it justified by reference necessary “neutralization” compared real-world scenarios. However, this neutralization effect has not been independently tested. Indeed, psychology and toponymy scholarship suggest entail...

Passive transfer of antibody may be useful for preexposure prophylaxis against biological agents used as weapons of terror, such as Bacillus anthracis. Studies were performed to evaluate the ability of anthrax antiprotective antigen (anti-PA) and antilethal factor (anti-LF) neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to protect against an anthrax lethal toxin (LeTx) challenge in a mouse model and...