Paramyxoviruses are a group of infectious agents that cause a variety of diseases in man and animals, such as mumps, measles, respiratory infections in infants, Newcastle disease in chickens, and canine distemper. Besides these acute diseases, the viruses of this group are known to often induce long-term persistent infections and have long been suspected to be involved in chronic neurological d...

Here, the whole genome sequences of two Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) of genotype VIII, which were isolated from west China in the 1980s, were determined and characterized phylogenetically. This is the first report with respect to the complete genomic information of genotype VIII NDV strains.

Flies were collected by sweep net from the vicinity of two small groups of "backyard" poultry (10-20 chickens per group) that had been identified as infected with exotic Newcastle disease virus (family Paramyxoviridae, genus avulavirus, ENDV) in Los Angeles County, CA, during the 2002-2003 END outbreak. Collected flies were subdivided into pools and homogenized in brain-heart infusion broth wit...

zataria multiflora essential oil possesses immunomodulatory effects and the present study investigatesits effect on immune responses to live newcastle disease (nd) vaccines and faecal shedding period ofvaccine strain virus in chickens. one hundred and eighty chickens from both sexes were divided into 6 equalgroups: group 1: unvaccinated, group 2: vaccinated (b1 vaccine followed by la sota 10 da...

Surgical removal of the bursa of Fabricius from newly hatched chicks resulted in a depletion of immunoglobulin A (IgA) from serum and bile of 55 and 67% of the birds, respectively, up to 11 weeks of age. The occurrence of IgG and IgM in serum and IgG in bile was not affected by neonatal bursectomy (Bx). A slight compensatory increase in the occurrence of IgM in bile was noted in Bx birds. When ...

1. It is likely that certain tailed and filamentous particles seen on electron microscope examination of partially purified saline suspensions of Newcastle virus are the individual virus particles because: (a) They have a highly characteristic shape not seen in other virus preparations. (b) They are present whenever the virus is present in high concentration. (c) Their size agrees with the size...