Increasing concern over the air pollution has forced the man to develop the new technology for the better quality of life. In modern world, air pollution does not need any introduction. One of the major factors responsible for such degradation in the quality of life is air pollution. However, chief among them are carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, etc. Nitrogen dioxide ca...

The century-old trickling filters at the Daspoort Wastewater Treatment Works in Pretoria (Gauteng, South Africa) are known for their remarkable removal of nitrogen from municipal wastewater. Our study was conducted to identify the microbiological processes responsible for this phenomenon and to establish whether anammox bacteria may be involved. An aerobic and anaerobic bench top reactor, both ...

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) nanocomposites for room temperature gas sensing applications. Generally, the sensitivity of a MOS can be obviously enhanced by the incorporation of rGO. However, a lack of knowledge regarding how rGO can enhance gas-sensing performances of MOSs impedes its sensing app...

Nitric oxide (NO) gas is known as both a vasodilator and a toxin. It can react with oxygen to form compounds more toxic than itself, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The reactions are time dependent; thus, infusing NO into breathing circuits as close to ventilated subjects as possible may help minimize toxic byproduct exposure. Unfortunately, flow rates commonly used with mechanical ventilation ...

The interactions of aerosols consisting of humic acids with gaseous nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were investigated under different light conditions in aerosol flow tube experiments at ambient pressure and temperature. The results show that NO2 is converted on the humic acid aerosol into nitrous acid (HONO), which is released from the aerosol and can be detected in the gas phase at the reactor exit. T...

Surface ozone (O3) and its precursor’s gases (nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4) and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were measured in Yanbu, Saudi Arabia from January 2004-December 2004. The annual average concentrations of O3, NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, CO, CH4, TNMHCs and THC were 22.51 ppb, 15.58 ppb, ...

Air pollution exposure has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of specific cancers. This study investigated whether the number and incidence of the most common cancers in Saudi Arabia were associated with urban air pollution exposure, specifically NO2. Overall, high model goodness of fit (GOF) was observed in the Eastern, Riyadh and Makkah regions. The significant coefficients of...

In static experiments, we studied the effects of nitrate and nitrite solutions on newly hatched larvae of five species of amphibians, namely Rana pretiosa, Rana aurora, Bufo boreas, Hyla regilla, and Ambystoma gracile. When nitrate or nitrite ions were added to the water, some larvae of some species reduced feeding activity, swam less vigorously, showed disequilibrium and paralysis, suffered ab...

BACKGROUND Bio-cathode denitrifying microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a promising bio-electrochemical system (BES) where both the reactions of anodic oxidation and cathodic reduction are catalyzed by microorganisms. In this nitrogen removal process, a complete biological denitrification from nitrate (NO3 (-)) to molecular nitrogen (N2) was achieved by four reduction steps, forming nitrite (NO2 (-)),...

Land use regression (LUR) models have been globally used to estimate long-term air pollution exposures. The present study aimed to analyze the association of different land use types and traffic measures with air pollutants in Tehran, Iran, as part of the future development of LUR models. Data of the particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were extracted from...