conclusions vur might be more frequent in children with physiological urinary incontinence than the normal population, and might be as common as nmne with intermittent daytime incontinence. results urinary tract infection was found in 23 (34.8%) children, 17 (33.3%) and 6 (40%) patients with nmne and physiological urinary incontinence, respectively. out of 48 patients who underwent vcug, vesico...

background phlebotomus papatasi and p. salehi are reported as vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in southeast of iran. seasonal activity of these species is different in zoogeographical zones and must be known well for better management of the disease. objectives to determine the nocturnal activity of sand flies and their leptomonad infection rates. materials and methods a cross-sectional study...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly being recognized as a major health burden with strong focus on the associated cardiovascular risk. Studies from the last two decades have provided strong evidence for a causal role of OSA in the development of systemic hypertension. The acute physiological changes that occur during apnea promote nocturnal hypertension and may lead to the development...

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is the failure of the autonomic system to control adequate ventilation while asleep with preserved ventilatory response while awake. We report a case of a patient with CCHS who presented with intrathoracic and extrathoracic airway obstruction after tracheostomy tube decannulation and phrenic nerve pacer placement. Nocturnal polysomnography (NPS...

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a significant health concern as the fourth leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the U.S.A. Although the prevalence of PH (pulmonary hypertension) in COPD is unknown, its presence is a risk factor for mortality. In this comment, we consider the role of PH in COPD and its pathophysiology, with reference to ET-1 (endothelin-1) and cigarette sm...

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the most common diseases in industrialized societies. The main objectives of this article were to summarize the physiological effects of sleep apnea on the circulatory system and to review how treatment of this condition influences cardiovascular disease. Acute sleep apnea has a number of hemodynamic consequences, such as pulmonary and systemic hy...

Obstructive sleep apneas syndrome (OSAS) is associated with nocturnal hypertension with higher sleep blood pressure (BP) and its variability, both of which increase cardiovascular risk. In this crossover design study, the effect of nighttime single-dose administration of vasodilating (nifedipine 40 mg) vs sympatholytic (carvedilol 20 mg) antihypertensive agents on sleep BP in 11 hypertensive OS...

Cough, sleep fragmentation and oxyhaemoglobin desaturation have all been documented during sleep in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). It has been proposed that repeated episodes of nocturnal hypoxia act as a stimulus for the development of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure, a complication that is associated with a poor prognosis. In addition, sleep disturbance from these ev...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) negatively impacts stroke outcome. Near-infrared spectroscopy showed the acute cerebral hemodynamic effects of SDB. METHODS Eleven patients (7 men, age 61±13 years) with acute/subacute middle cerebral artery stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 10±7) and SDB (apnea-hypopnea index 32±28/hour) were assessed with nocturn...

Abstract Background Overnight pulse oximetry is a non-invasive method of monitoring oxygen saturations. It has myriad clinical applications; including screening for moderate to severe sleep disordered breathing, identification and qualification nocturnal hypoxia in patients who may benefit from domiciliary detection hypoventilation with respiratory or neuromuscular disease. In our tertiary hosp...