Introduction: Postoperative bleeding in cardiac surgery is not an uncommon complication and can be evaluated with surgical and nonsurgical causes. Although any type of coagulopathy should be treated before, during, and after the surgical procedure, cardiac surgeons should have perfect surgical techniques for step by step hemostasis to minimize blood loss. Material...

Background American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines on perioperative assessment recommend perioperative β blockers for non-cardiac surgery, although results of some clinical trials seem not to support this recommendation. We aimed to critically review the evidence to assess the use of perioperative β blockers in patients having non-cardiac surgery.

Abstract Purpose of Review Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are multimodal and multi-professional strategies to enhance postoperative convalescence thereby reduce the length hospital stay hospital-associated complications. This review provides an up-to-date overview about basic principles enhanced protocols, their transfer into cardiac surgery, current state evidence. It is supp...

Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents a major challenge for anaesthetists. This is due to the complexities in pathophysiology and impact of surgery anaesthesia, which predisposes significant perioperative morbidity mortality.1 Univentricular (UH) consists large variety rare complex congenital cardiac malformations. There are cases children having only single functional ventricle from birth....

Many patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery have a high risk of perioperative cardiovascular complications. Several studies have identified variables that are associated with this increased perioperative cardiovascular risk, 3 including arrhythmias, heart failure, recent myocardial infarction, and ischaemic heart disease. Aortic stenosis (AS) is not always included in cardiac risk predic...