Concerns related to climate change and security of energy supply is pushing various countries to make strategic energy planning decisions. In this regard, energy system modelling is an appropriate method to find out the utilization of current declining non-renewable energy resources and other possible scenarios. Consequently, it is available to consider various aspects of energy system decision...

The Chinese government has taken great efforts to popularize rural household scale biogas digesters, since they are regarded as an effective approach to address energy shortage issues in rural areas and as a potential way of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Focusing on a typical rural household biogas system, the aim of this study is to systematically quantify its total direct and indir...

In the future, renewable energy sources will contribute a significant share if not the majority of our energy supply. Especially for the electricity sector this means a radical transformation from current practise. The current infrastructure will in part need to be adapted but in part also to be rebuilt. This reorganisation taking place during “operation” increases the difficulty of the task at...

This paper aims at estimating the efficiency of hydroelectric power plants (renewable energy resources) and thermal power plant (non-renewable energy resources) in Iranian provinces. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approaches is applied to estimate the efficiency. The network is modeled as a linear system with multiple inputs and one output. Fuel cost, labor force, operation cost are used as in...

Energy is an important factor in boosting and sustaining the economic growth level of a country. The aim this study was to investigate relationship between energy consumption selected developed developing countries from 1993–2019. For purpose, we used Pedroni co-integration method determine long-term consumption. To estimate parameters, panel fully modified OLS Dumitrescu Hurlin heterogeneous c...

United States: Section 202 of the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) requires 36 billion gallons of renewable fuel by 2022. Of that total, 15 billion gallons may be ‘conventional’, or corn-based ethanol. The renewable fuel standard under EISA includes life cycle GHG reduction performance requirements that include emissions from indirect land change. The US EPA’s notice of proposed...

This paper describes a first version of a simulation model of the electrical energy system for the German federal state Bavaria in order to analyse its energy balance during the nuclear phaseout and the increase of renewable energy sources as well as energy storage capacities. According to current plans, in ten years 50 percent of the Bavarian electric power consumption should be covered by ren...

Desalination technologies improve water quality, greatly reduce water shortage problems, and improve quality of life and economic status. Two main technologies are currently used in water desalination: thermal (phase-change) processes and membrane processes. The primary thermal distillation processes include multistage flash distillation (MSF), multi-effect distillation (MED), and vapor compres...