In this paper an analytic approach to estimate the nonlinearity of radix-4 pipelined analog-to-digital converters due to the circuit non-idealities is presented. Output voltage of each stage is modeled as sum of the ideal output voltage and non-ideal output voltage (error voltage), in which non-ideal output voltage is created by capacitor mismatch, comparator offset, input offset, and finite ga...

Traditionally, the H2S partial pressure (PH2S) of gas/hydrocarbon phase has been used as primary sour severity metric for material qualification and selection under ANSI/AMPP (NACE) MR0175/ISO 15156 guidelines. While PH2S is appropriate characterizing low total systems, strict, or ideal, Henry’s Law approach leads to over estimation dissolved concentration (CH2S) high-pressure, high-temperature...

Physical layer security is an attractive security mechanism, which exploits the randomness characteristics of wireless transmission channel to achieve security. However, it is hampered by the limitation of the channel condition that the main channel must be better than the eavesdropper channel. To alleviate the limitation, cooperative communication is introduced. Few studies have investigated t...

The anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence conjectures a duality between field theories and higher dimensional theories of gravitation. Recent results describing thermodynamic systems in the AdS/CFT context include an exact description of the efficiency of black hole heat engines, suggesting questions regarding the nature of heat engines within this formulation and the e...

ESR studies on spin-labeled amorphous RNase A as a function of varying concentrations of sorbed H2O and D2O will be presented. A relaxation analysis of saturation transfer (ST-)ESR spectra of 14N(1H) nitroxide spin-label molecules essentially fixed at amino acid residue His-105 will be given. A characteristic correlation has been observed between the microdynamic behavior--expressed by the rota...

Abstract The accurate calculations of adsorption equilibrium for multicomponent gas systems are of great importance in many applications. In this paper, five two-dimensional equations of state 2D-EOS, i.e. Van der Waals, Eyring, Zhou-Ghasem-Robinson, Soave-Redlich-Kwong and Peng-Robinson, were examined to find out their abilities to predict adsorption equilibrium for pure and multi-component ga...

To enrich our understanding of the attitudinal/motivational basis of foreign language learning at junior high school level, this study investigated the students’ status of L2 motivation, the relationship between motivational factors, and the possibility of predicting their motivated learning behavior in light of Dörnyei’s (2005, 2009) theory of L2 Motivational Self System. To this end, 1462 jun...

The twisted plywood architecture, known as the Bouligand structure, is a ubiquitous biological and synthetic fibrous composite structure, analogous to that of cholesteric liquid crystals. Twisted plywoods can show ideal or non-ideal structures and are formed via equilibrium or non-equilibrium liquid crystal self-assembly processes. A key to the structure characterisation of plywood films is the...

The thermal and statistical properties of hadronic matter under some extreme conditions are investigated using an exactly solvable canonical ensemble model. A unified model describing both the fragmentation of nuclei and the thermal properties of hadronic matter is developed. Simple expressions are obtained for quantities such as the hadronic equation of state, specific heat, compressibility, e...