OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to translate and perform a cross-cultural adaptation of Manchester Orofacial Pain Disability Scale to the Portuguese language. MATERIAL AND METHODS A synthesis of two independent translations done by bilingual translators whose mother tongue was the Portuguese language began the process of translation. From the synthesis of the translated versio...

<p style="text-align: justify;">In the Indonesian context, English is considered a local subject and there no mandated curriculum for in elementary schools. Meanwhile, has been compulsory taught at secondary school level. The present study aims to explore barriers teaching experienced by non-native teachers schools policy recommendations. employed qualitative case method. Concerning data ...

<p class="abstrak">This study explores the roles of Non-Native English Speaking Teachers (NNESTs) in facilitating improvement participants' speaking skills. The research was prompted by challenge faced a NNESTs from Indonesia, who relocated to Kyrgyzstan teach as second language. teacher lacked cultural knowledge support his language learning. To address this, employed descriptive qualita...

The reiterant speech of ten native speakers of French was analyzed to develop baseline measures for syllable and consonant/vowel timing for a series of two-, three-, four-, and five-syllable French words spoken in isolation. Ten native speakers of English, who learned French as a second language, produced reiterant versions of both the French words and a comparable set of English words. The nat...

English teachers are frequently asked to help colleagues prepare presentations for international conferences. Sometimes this assistance takes the form of a language course or tutorials focusing on the spoken language. Contact time is short but the participants are highly motivated. What type of pronunciation work will provide the greatest payoff in terms of successfully being understood when sp...