BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies suggest that antidepressants use may increase the risk of cataract, but the results are inconclusive. We aimed to examine this association by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and Web of Science databases through June 2017. We included studies that reported risk estimates for the as...

The noradrenalin and serotonin re-uptake inhibitor venlafaxine has an analgesic eŠect that is independent of its antidepressant activity; however, the mechanism of this eŠect remains to be elucidated. This study was performed to investigate the possible roles of the opioidergic system and nitric oxide (NO) pathway in the analgesic eŠect of venlafaxine. Eighty Wistar rats of both sexes were allo...

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), including fluvoxamine, are widely used to treat depressive disorders in pregnant women. These antidepressants effectively penetrate through the placental barrier, affecting the fetus during the critical phase of neurodevelopment. Some clinical studies have linked prenatal exposure to SSRIs with increased neonatal mortality, premature birth, decre...

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a disorder usually affecting middle aged women, who complain of diffuse musculoskeletal aches, pains or stiffness associated with tiredness, anxiety and poor sleep. Neurotransmission disorders linked both to pain perception as well as mood, sleep and cognition modulation are involved in FMS etiopathogenesys. Treatments that may be effective to decrease pain and fa...

Chronisch entzündliche Atemwegserkrankungen wie Asthma bronchiale und die chronisch obstruktive Lungenerkrankung (COPD) können nach den gegenwärtigen Forschungsergebnissen weder als eine rein immunologische noch als eine ausschließlich neuronale Erkrankung angesehen werden [1,2]. Die entzündlichen Veränderungen werden von einer Vielzahl an immunologischen und neuronalen Mediatoren hervorgerufen...

A housewife, 40 years of age, was admitted with dysesthesia of the extremities, muscle weakness, and attacks of adynamia and thirst. She had been taking a laxative for more than 20 years. On physical examination, blood pressure was 94/56 mmHg. Laboratory tests revealed thrombocytosis, low serum K and marked increases in both plasma renin activity and serum aldosterone. Serum TBG was increased. ...

Recent studies have shown that auditory scene analysis involves distributed neural sites below, in, and beyond the auditory cortex (AC). However, it remains unclear what role each site plays and how they interact in the formation and selection of auditory percepts. We addressed this issue through perceptual multistability phenomena, namely, spontaneous perceptual switching in auditory streaming...

BACKGROUND Meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis is primarily a disease of children and young adults. If septic shock complicates the course of meningitis, it must be treated in the intensive care unit. CASE REPORT An 18 year-old man with symptoms of meningococcal meningitis and clinical features of septic shock was admitted to the ICU. Tachycardia (heart rate 140 min⁻¹) required v...

The amygdala and dopaminergic innervation thereunto are considered to cooperatively regulate emotional states and behaviors. The present experiments examined effects of dopamine on lateral amygdala (LA) neuron excitability by whole cell recordings. Bath application of dopamine induced slow afterdepolarization (sADP). This sADP lasted for >5 s, and its magnitude varied in a concentration-depende...