in this paper we consider several generalizations of the skew t-normal distribution, and some of their properties. also, we represent several theorems for constructing each generalized skew t-normal distribution. next, we illustrate the application of the proposed distribution studying the ratio of two heavy metals, nickel and vanadium, associated with crude oil in shadgan wetland in the south-...

PURPOSE To determine whether a relationship exists between water diffusion coefficients or diffusion anisotropy and MR-defined regions of normal or abnormal brain parenchyma in patients with cerebral gliomas. METHODS In 40 patients with cerebral gliomas, diffusion was characterized in a single column of interest using a motion-insensitive spin-echo sequence that was applied sequentially at tw...

According to wide literature, a global impairment in the temporal and spatial domains as well as an increased crowding effect is common of dyslexics. The aim of the study was to evaluate if such subjects suffer from a more general impairment of spatial relationship perception (SRP) and in particular from anomalous spatial relationship anisotropy (SRA) thus accounting both for their global perce...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We used quantitative diffusion MR imaging to investigate the microstructural changes that occur in white matter during normal aging in order to identify regional changes in anisotropy and to quantify global microstructural changes by use of whole-brain diffusion histograms. METHODS Full diffusion tensor MR imaging was performed in 20 healthy volunteers, 20 to 91 years o...

BACKGROUND The tectorial membrane (TM) in the mammalian cochlea displays anisotropy, where mechanical or structural properties differ along varying directions. The anisotropy arises from the presence of collagen fibrils organized in fibers of approximately 1 microm diameter that run radially across the TM. Mechanical coupling between the TM and the sensory epithelia is required for normal heari...

We performed in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in a total of 33 patients with brain tuberculomas (BT). Thirteen of them had surgical excision of the lesion as it was clinically indicated, and in these samples matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression was quantified. We correlated the results of DTI indices like fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), linear anisotropy (CL), ...