AIMS (1) To compare alcohol-attributed disease burden in four Nordic countries 1990-2013, by overall disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and separated by premature mortality [years of life lost (YLL)] and health loss to non-fatal conditions [years lived with disability (YLD)]; (2) to examine whether changes in alcohol consumption informs alcohol-attributed disease burden; and (3) to compare ...

This paper projects the consequences of modifying or eliminating the current national alcohol retail monopolies in Sweden, Norway and Finland as a possible result of those countries' membership in the European Union (EU). First, the authors project absolute alcohol consumption in each country based on different possible changes in alcohol price and availability. Then they predict the future lev...

In this research, biodiversity was investigated in the species diversity level. The objective of this research was to study of Norway Maple (Acer platanoides L.) dispersion and biodiversity of associated woody species in the Shafaroud forests, Gilan (IRAN). In this regard, a 0.5 ha lozenge sample plot was selected with considering presence of Norway Maple in each site. In each plot, geographic ...

Discrete-time hazard regression models were employed to register and census data on 1.4 million Norwegian married couples from 1974-2001 to explore the probability of divorce following cancer illness. Divorce rates for around 215 000 persons diagnosed with cancer were compared to divorce rates for persons for whom all the other observed variables were the same. No overall harmful influence of a...

Helen B. Anderson 1, Lennart Nilsen 1,*, Hans Tømmervik 2 ID , Stein Rune Karlsen 3, Shin Nagai 4 and Elisabeth J. Cooper 1 1 Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, University of Norway, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway; [email protected] (H.B.A.); [email protected] (E.J.C.) 2 Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, FRAM-High North Centre for ...

Familial breast-ovarian cancer has been demonstrated to be frequent but unevenly distributed in Norway. This was assumed to be caused by the reduced population size created by the medieval Bubonic plagues 25 generations ago, and by the following rapid expansion. We have previously reported that four mutations account for 68% of the BRCA1 mutation carriers. Subsequent analysis has resulted in a ...

The relative abundance of ship rats (Rattus rattus), Norway rats (R. norvegicus), and Pacific rats (R. exulans), was measured in four vegetation types on Stewart Island/Rakiura, over six consecutive seasons. Ship rats were found in all four vegetation types and dominated in podocarp-broadleaf forest and riparian shrubland. Norway rats were most common in subalpine shrubland and Pacific rats dom...

Growth studies show, counter to intuition, that the discovery of a natural resource may be a curse rather than a blessing since resource-rich countries grow slower than others. Moreover, resource abundance may involve a displacement of a growth-essential manufacturing sector, leading to Dutch Disease. Norway is an important exception to the curse and the disease. Since oil production started in...

Aspartylglucosaminuria (AGU, McKusick 208400) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder. Ninety percent of all patients are from Finland and only sporadic cases have been reported from elsewhere. In northern Norway, however, nine patients from seven families have been diagnosed with AGU. All these Norwegian patients were homozygous for the most prevalent Finnish AGU mutation (AGUFin)...

The significance of endophytic needle infections to Norway spruce is still largely unsolved. Lophodermium piceae is the most common species representing typically over 90 % of the cultivable isolates obtained from surface sterilized needles. Generally, more than 50 % of the needles are infected with this species and single healthy looking needles can accommodate several, even more than 30 indiv...