This paper reports on the measurement of elastic modulus of thin film materials by a magnetostrictive sensor. Thin film materials of Cu, Cr, Al, Au, Sn, In, Au-rich lead free solder (AuSn) and SiC were sputter deposited onto well defined strips of Metglas sensor. The elastic modulus of the thin film materials was determined by measuring the resonant frequency of the sensors before and after fil...

In eukaryotes, the messenger RNA (mRNA), the blueprint of a protein-coding gene, is processed and packaged into a messenger ribonucleoprotein particle (mRNP) by mRNA-binding proteins in the nucleus. The steps of mRNP formation - transcription, processing, packaging, and the orchestrated release of the export-competent mRNP from the site of transcription for nuclear mRNA export - are tightly cou...

It is widely held that the profound differences in cellular architecture between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, in particular the housing of eukaryotic chromosomes within a nuclear membrane, also extends to the properties of their chromosomes. When chromosomal multiplicity, ploidy, linearity, transcriptional silencing, partitioning, and packaging are considered, no consistent association is found ...

In nuclei of cells infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV), synthesized viral DNA accumulates as concatamers that are cleaved into genomic lengths and inserted into preformed capsids. Whereas newly replicated DNA and enzymes required for DNA synthesis accumulate in sites of infected cell nuclei termed replication compartments, the intranuclear site of DNA cleavage and packaging is currently co...

Packaging and storage are the final phases in the food industry. Quality preservation, improving safety and reduction of postharvest losses waste are some objectives of the packaging engineering. One of techniques that widely used in packaging of fruits and vegetables are modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). In MAP for fresh fruits and vegetable the air of packaging headspace replaces with a pr...

Integrated circuit packaging and their testing is well advanced because of the maturity of the IC industry, their wide applications, and availability of industrial inhstructure. [ 1,2] This is not true for MEMS with respect to packaging and testing. It is more difficult to adopt standardized MEMS device packaging for wide applications although MEMS use many similar technologies to IC packaging....

it is possible to develop new biodegradable active packaging by coating biopolymers on paper-based packaging material and also incorporating proper antimicrobial agents into coating structure. in this study bacterial contamination of two commercial cardboard were evaluated.in order to manufacture an appropriate antibacterial packaging material, coating of chitosan-poly vinyl alcohol blends with...

The massive use of synthetic plastics, in particular in the food packaging area, has a great environmental impact, and alternative more ecologic materials are being required. Poly(lactic) acid (PLA) and starch have been extensively studied as potential replacements for non-degradable petrochemical polymers on the basis of their availability, adequate food contact properties and competitive cost...

INTRODUCTION Confinement of biomolecules in structured nanoporous materials offers several desirable features ranging from chemical and thermal stability, to resistance to degradation from the external environment. A new generation of mesoporous materials presents exciting new possibilities for the formulation and controlled release of biological agents. Such materials address niche application...

Transient faults have traditionally been associated with the corruption of stored data values. This phenomenon has been reported as early as 1954 in adverse operating conditions such as near nuclear bomb test sites and later in space applications [3],[1]. Since 1978, dense memory circuits, both DRAM and SRAM, have been known to be susceptible to soft errors caused by alpha particles from IC pac...