Although nitrogen (N) is the most limiting nutrient for agricultural production, its overuse associated with environmental pollution, increased concentration of greenhouse gases, and several human animal health implications. These implications are greatly affected by biochemical transformations losses N such as volatilization, leaching, runoff, denitrification. Half globally produced fertilizer...

Abstract Aims Competition among plants in a community usually depends on their nitrogen (N)-use efficiency (NUE) and water-use (WUE) arid semi-arid regions. Artemisia frigida is an indicator species heavily degraded grassland, however, how its NUE WUE respond to N addition different successional stages still unclear, especially with mowing, common management practice grasslands. Methods Based l...

In this paper, a new technique is proposed to optimize the conflicting parameters like low value of maximum side lobe level (SLL), narrow beam-width of the main beam and low value of maximum sideband radiation level (SRL) of time-modulated linear antenna arrays (TMLAAs). The method is based on minimizing a multi-objective fitness function by using single-objective differential evolution algorit...

The blind pursuit of high yields via increased fertilizer inputs increases the environmental costs. Relay intercropping has advantages for yield, but a strategy for N management is urgently required to decrease N inputs without yield loss in maize-soybean relay intercropping systems (IMS). Experiments were conducted with three levels of N and three planting patterns, and dry matter accumulation...

Abstract Deciphering the genetic basis of complex traits like nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) requires understanding genotype-by-environment (G × E) interaction and linking physiological functions agronomic to DNA markers. Multi-environment experiments were conducted in different environments representing low high levels combined with rain-fed irrigation production conditions at three locations E...

Abstract Background Plant nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an important ecological indicator that reflects the capacity of a plant to transform into production, which essential for further elucidating growth and terrestrial ecosystem productivity. Although there are growing number studies address NUE changes at local scales, variations over large spatial scales remain unclear. In this study, we...

Highlights This work utilizes "multi-stage pulse labeling" 15N applications, primarily during reproductive growth stages, as a phenotyping strategy to identify maize hybrids with superior N use efficiency (NUE) under low N conditions. Research using labeled isotopic N (15N) can precisely quantify fertilizer nitrogen (N) uptake and organ-specific N allocation in field crops such as maize (Zea ma...

The effects of rapeseed and soya bean expeller (SBE) supplementation on digestion and milk production responses in dairy cows were investigated in an incomplete Latin square design using five cows and four 3-week periods. The experimental diets consisted of five concentrate treatments fed at a rate of 9 kg/day: a mixture of barley and oats, which was replaced with rapeseed or SBE at two levels ...