Pseudomonas, an enormously diverse genus of the γ-Proteobacteria, is an important member of soil microbial communities. In this study, genetic heterogeneity and plant growth promotory property of Pseudomonas was compared within the group Pseudomonas sensu stricto isolated from the lesser explored niches of Himalayan region. A significant difference (P < 0.001 in total Pseudomonas count) was obs...

Fire, as a natural ecological disturbance factor in forest, this study located in the Marivan region, Northern Zagros forest, and western Iranian state of Kurdistan. In each burned and unburned area 30 circle sample plot (1000 m2) were collected by randomized–systematic method in the 100×200 m net (in total 60 plots). In every sample plot the kind of species, number of tree, the heig...

Ecological community structure is particularly important in vector-borne zoonotic diseases with complex life cycles. Qualitative community model analysis may provide a meaningful alternative to standard population-based models of vector-borne disease. We built on recent mathematical developments in qualitative community modeling coupled with conventional biomathematical models of vector-borne d...

Engelmann oaks (Quercus engelmannii) only occur in the foothills of San Diego (93 pct of extant stands), Riverside (6 pct), Orange (0.5 pct), and Los Angeles (<0.1 pct) counties, covering the smallest range of any oak species in California. The overall distribution of the species covers approximately 31,500 hectares of woodlands, although they are subdominant (contrib­ uting <50 pct of canopy a...

In this paper novel algorithms developed to automatically segment forest cover types are presented. The digital image analysis followed is mainly based on mathematical morphology operators and exploits the textural features in high spatial resolution images. These input images consist of true colour digital orthophotos and the studied forest covers consist of the main occurrences in Portugal: o...

Stand development involves changes in stand structure over time. Knowledge of stand development patterns is crucial for effective forest management, especially of southern bottomland hardwood forests. These forests contain more than 70 tree species, many of which have commercial timber and wildlife habitat value. I n this paper, current techniques i n stand development research are reviewed. Em...

scape and consider the stages during oak life history where fire could potentially be used as a tool to enhance oak regeneration. Finally, we provide some guidance for management considerations in the field. The Oak–Fire Hypothesis: Issues in Contemporary Forests The oak–fire hypothesis suggests that oak forests require periodic fire disturbances for their successful regeneration and conservati...

The pace of environmental and socioeconomic change over the past 100 years has been rapid. Changes in fire regimes, climate, and land use have shaped the structure and function of most forest ecosystems, including oak (Quercus spp. L.) forests in the eastern United States. New stressors such as air pollution and invasive species have contributed to and interacted with climate and fire to alter ...

We report the effects of pine and oak litter on species composition and diversity of mycorrhizal fungi colonizing 2-year-old Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings grown in a bare-root nursery in Lithuania. A layer of pine or oak litter was placed on the surface of the nursery bed soil to mimic natural litter cover. Oak litter amendment appeared to be most favorable for seedling survival, with a 73% sur...