Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) is a rare benign placental abnormality. It is characterized by hydropic degeneration of stem villi, placentomegaly, and increased maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein(AFP). It can be associated with different congenital abnormalities, karyotype abnormalities, and feto-maternal morbidities. It is difficult to differentiate PMDfrom partial mole, complete mole wit...

Background: Although the imbalance of cytokines in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is well known, there is scarce data regarding its occurrence during dysplasia, before the malignant transformation. Objective: To determine whether laryngeal dysplasia patients show a different cytokine profile than patients with cancer and healthy controls. Methods: Seventeen newly diagnosed, untre...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent work has shown that up to 50% of patients with congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) have abnormalities of the brain that can be detected by brain MR imaging. We attempted to determine whether brain MR imaging is useful for the diagnosis and classification of patients with CMDs. METHODS The brain MR studies of 12 patients with biopsy-proved CMDs were reviewed re...

The Fifth edition of the World Health Organization classification digestive system and American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual contain substantial refinements information for esophageal tumors. epithelial tumors esophagus are classified as benign, dysplasia, malignant groups. Dysplasia is divided into Barrett dysplasia squamous graded either low-grade or high-grade. Malignant often ad...