ANNALS OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 5, 2014 The acid–base balance is a part of human homeostasis. Cells and tissues of the human body are susceptible to pH change: stability of molecular structures and enzyme activity can be maintained only in the tolerable range of pH. The maintenance of the acid–base balance is vital biochemical parameter required for normal physiology, and its change is associated with ...

In 30 comatose head injured patients vestibulo-ocular responses were elicited by caloric stimulation. Inter- and intra-observer agreement of these responses was studied. The responses were shown in the form of a film to ten doctors who classified them into four categories: no reaction, tonic reaction, paradoxical nystagmus and nystagmus. The level of the coefficient Kappa (a chance-corrected me...

The retention of the antibiotic chloramphenicol on, and penetration into, the rabbit eye has been compared following administration in two vehicles. Samples were taken of both aqueous humor and a washing fluid applied to the conjunctival surface and the concentration of 14C-chloramphenicol determined. Greater tear film and aqueous humor drug concentrations, which are effective against many orga...

BACKGROUND Dry eye is a multifactor disease of the tear film and ocular surface that substantially affects quality of life. CASE PRESENTATION Dobesilate administered as eye drops was well tolerated and effective in treating both the objective signs and subjective symptoms of dry eye disease in this 2-week study. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first clinical report of u...

Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) may well be the leading cause of dry eye disease throughout the world. Although this condition affects the health and well-being of millions of people, there is no global consensus on the definition, classification, diagnosis, or therapy for MGD. To achieve such a consensus, the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society (TFOS; http://www.tearfilm.org), a nonprofit o...

purpose: controversy has recently risen about the presence of compensatory ocular countertorsion (coct) after head tilt. this study was performed to define the functional range of this phenomenon. methods: cycloplegic autorefraction was performed on 80 eyes with regular astigmatism 2d. objective autorefraction was performed in normal position, right and left head tilt positions of 5º, 10º, 15º,...

Eye is the most vital organ of the body. To achieve effective ocular therapy, an adequate amount of active ingredients must be delivered and maintain at the site of action within the eye. The anatomical structure and the protective physiological process of the eye exert a formidable defense against ophthalmic drug delivery, leads to poor precorneal drug loss results in poor ocular by availabili...

The ocular surface, in a strict sense, consists of the cornea and its major support tissue, the conjunctiva. In a wider anatomical, embryological, and also functional sense, the ocular mucosal adnexa (i.e. the lacrimal gland and the lacrimal drainage system) also belong to the ocular surface. This definition includes the source and the eventual drainage of the tears that are of utmost importanc...