We establish that global solar p-mode frequencies can be measured with sufficient precision on time scales as short as nine days to detect activity-related shifts. Using ten years of GONG data, we report that mode-mass and error-weighted frequency shifts derived from nine days are significantly correlated with the strength of solar activity and are consistent with long duration measurements fro...

Against a background of the low engagement of small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in ebusiness, this article investigates the impact of e-aggregation applications, provided by emerging vertical application service providers (VSPs), and defined as “an e-business application, promoted by a trusted third party, which engages a significant number of SMEs by addressing an important shared busin...

Since small-medium sized enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role within many major economies throughout the world, their ability to successfully adopt and utilize the Internet and electronic commerce is of prime importance in ensuring their stability and future survival. In this paper, initial findings will be reported of a study carried out by the authors into the use made of the Internet and ele...

This study evaluates the factors that lead small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to adopt information and communication technology (ICT). Our research proposes an ICT adoption model using structural equation modelling that examines the role of SMEs’ owner-managers as mediators in the adoption of ICT. The model is focused on the investigation of the direct and indirect influences of technolog...

Maria Sarabia is associate professor of international strategy management and business management at the University of Cantabria, Spain. She has been a visiting professor in the economics department at the University of Reading, United Kingdom. She can be reached at sarabiamunican.es. Maria Obeso is assistant professor in the department of business administration at University of Cantabria,...

The large-scale proliferation of wireless communications both inside and outside the home-office environment has led to an increased demand for effective and cheap encryption schemes. Now a new chaos based signals as arbitrary source and digital signals as main source make digits for Elliptic curve algorithm by 2 parallel-in (with pipelining), 1parallel-out and 1 serial-out to produce encrypted...

According to the SOHO/MDI observations (Duvall et al. 1998, Antia & Basu 1999) the solar f-mode frequency departs from the parabolic dispersion relation ω2 = gk. We propose to explain this behaviour in terms of a spaceand timedependent random flow that occurs in the convection zone. A time-dependent random flow speeds up the f-mode while the effect of a space-dependent random flow is to slow it...

A product customization system with integrated application services is helpful for small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The mode of application service provider (ASP) particularly targets SMEs by providing integrated applications. The current product customization system seldom considers integrating with ASPs and orienting product lifecycle. In this article, an ASP-based product customizat...

We argue that the solar g-modes are unlikely to have caused the discrete peaks in the power spectrum of the solar wind flux observed by Thomson et al (1995). The lower limit to the energy of individual g-modes, using the amplitudes given by Thomson et al., is estimated to be at least 10 ergs for low-order g-modes; the resulting surface velocity amplitude is at least 50 cm s, larger than the obs...

The Lyman series of hydrogen was observed by SUMER on SOHO on the north polar limb of the Sun with a total exposure time of more than ten hours. The resulting line profiles have been analysed using the technique described by Marsch et al. (1999). The data analysis corroborates earlier findings on the Lyman lines, but also yields phenomena which cannot be fully understood at the present time. Fi...