Serum testosterone ranges are based on endogenous hormone production. There is no evidence to support that dosing for exogenous testosterone therapy should be based on establish ranges from endogenous production (which have been shown to be inaccurate in women and children). Subcutaneous testosterone doses from 75 mg to 150 mg (and up to 225 mg) have been shown to be efficacious without signifi...

More and more researchers, evaluators, and policy makers are recognizing that in order to best understand the factors precipitating, supporting, and prohibiting intimate violence against women, we must often gather information directly from battered women themselves. Such data collection, however, is not without its risks to the women involved in such studies. It is important that researchers a...

Many intervention programmes to encourage greater female participation in computer education and careers have been conducted in the last twenty years. These intervention programmes take considerable time, effort and money to design and implement. If success were to be measured by an increase in the percentage of female students undertaking computing courses then these programmes would have to b...

Rabbi Avraham Weiss begins his recent article, “Women and the Reading of the Megillah,” with the questions: “May women read the Megillah for other women, and for that matter, may women read the Megillah for men?” Rabbi Weiss devotes the great majority of his essay to the first issue, and while a number of points as well as the conclusion remain debatable, his essential arguments in favor of a w...

BACKGROUND There is scarce or no data on prevalence and presentation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among women of reproductive age. Furthermore, whether women of reproductive age presenting with ACS have the same risk factors as men and older women is not known. OBJECTIVE To analyze factors associated with ACS in women of reproductive age in comparison with older women and men of a similar...

Endothelial function deteriorates with aging. On the other hand, exercise training improves the function of vascular endothelial cells. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), which is produced by vascular endothelial cells, has potent constrictor and proliferative activity in vascular smooth muscle cells and, therefore, has been implicated in regulation of vascular tonus and progression of atherosclerosis. We pr...

BACKGROUND Walking is usually undertaken at a speed that coincides with the lowest metabolic cost. Aging however, alters the speed-cost relationship, as preferred walking speeds decrease and energy costs increase. It is unclear to what extent this relationship is affected when older women undertake walking as an exercise modality. The aim of this study was to compare the energetic cost of walki...

Sharon M. Kelgher, Ph.D., A.C.S. W., is associate professor ofSocial Weffare at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. She previously taught at the University of Michigan and received her degree from the School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, In 1985. Her policy analyses of home-care services from a feminist perspective include coauthorship ofWages for Caring: Compensat...

Acknowledgements Thanks to Nancy Lombard for her work on the literature review, Ruth Lewis for help with key points and to Dawn Cattanach for her design work. This report provides an update on literature published since an earlier research project, Older Women and Domestic Violence in Scotland, conducted in 2003-2004 and published in June 2004. The original project was commissioned by Health Sc...