Many bunyaviruses of the Bunyamwera and California serogroups are medically important human pathogens. The development of an effective technique to detect the viruses by using molecular biologic tools, such as PCR, improves not only clinical diagnosis but also virologic surveillance of mosquito vectors in the field. In this study, we evaluated eight pairs of primers for reactivity with 44 virus...

Since the development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), many strategies have been designed to amplify one or more specific DNA sequences with a single set of oligonucleotide primers. Multiplex PCR is a strategy to amplify simultaneously either two or multiple DNA targets sequences in a single reaction (4). A variety of reaction conditions must be used to optimize multiplex-PCR strategies....

Two pairs of allele-specific diagnostic primers (SL1L/SL1H and SL2L/SL2H) for distinguishing the Chinese crude drug Sailonggu (bone of plateau zokor, Myospalax baileyi) from its substitutes were designed based on complete sequences of mitochondrial 12S rRNA and cytochrome b genes of the original animals of Myospalacinae, bamboo rat Rhizomys sinensis and black lipped pika Ochotona curzoniae. Tot...

background and aims: finding prevalence of chicken anemia virus (cav) infection in native chickens is necessary to avoid transmission of infection to commercial flocks. in this paper we attempt to describe molecular detection of chicken anemia virus in native larry-breed chickens in chaharmahal-va-bakhtiyari province in iran for the first time. materials and methods: blood samples were collecte...

A pair of degenerate primers, GMPF1 and GMPR1, was designed on the basis of alignment of previously reported Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) movement protein (MP) nucleotide sequences from Iran and other parts of the world. cDNA was synthesized by the use of Oligo d(T)18 from total RNA extraction from each diseased grapevine leaf sample and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the d...

Background: The anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin 10 (IL 10), has a crucial role in periodontal diseases. gene coding for this cytokine is pleomorphic. In the promoter region of IL gene, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), IL10 1082 and 819, have been discovered to affect expressions. Objective: To investigate association (IL-10-1082 G/A IL-10-819 C/T) with CPO. Patients Methods: ...

Traditionally, the authentication of the traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), Angelica sinensis, is based on slightly different morphological characters and complex compounds. Usually, those methods are simultaneously affected by several factors, leading to subtle and ambiguous results. In this study, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of A. sinensis and seven other Angelica species ...

This chapter introduces the software package PRIMEGENS for designing gene-specific probes and associated PCR primers on a large scale. Such design is especially useful for constructing cDNA or oligo microarray to minimize cross-hybridization. PRIMEGENS can also be used for designing primers to amplify a segment of a unique target gene using reverse-transcriptase (RT)-PCR. The input to PRIMEGENS...

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant neuromuscular disease caused by expansion of a CTG trinucleotide repeat in the DMPK gene. Methodology for genetic testing of DM1 is currently not optimal, in particular for the early-onset patients in pediatric populations where large expanded (CTG)n alleles are usually common. Individuals who are homozygous for a normal allele and indivi...

The systematic sequencing of cDNA libraries is an efficient approach for the identification of new genes, but the presence of abundant mRNAs is often a major problem. This paper describes a very simple method of "semi-multiplex PCR" that allows specific identification of such abundant transcripts before DNA sequencing without using nonrepresentative subtracted libraries. The PCR utilizes a seri...