PURPOSE Evaporation of the tear film is heavily discussed as one core reason for dry eye disease (DED). Subsequently, new artificial tear products are developed that specifically target this pathomechanism. Perfluorohexyloctane (F6H8, NovaTears(®)) from the family of semifluorinated alkanes is a novel substance that has been approved as a medical device, as a nonblurring wetting agent for the o...

PURPOSE To demonstrate the efficacy and possible complications of a surgical technique that includes the removal of the vertical portion of the lacrimal canaliculus in patients with dry eye syndrome. METHODS A study was performed on six canaliculi of six eyes (four patients). Three patients had dry eye, associated with primary Sjögren syndrome. One of the four patients developed keratoconjunt...

The purpose of this study was to compare the topical anti-inflammatory effects of the nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, ketorolac, with the selective COX-2 inhibitor, nimesulide, in an animal model of dry eye in albino rabbits. All animals were examined by the Schirmer test, tear break-up time (TBUT) and fluorescein corneal staining test. Dry eye model showed significant reduction in...

Objectives A 12-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital due to large erythematosus lesions on pretibial region that has been seen for three years. These lesions were started with hyperemic, tender and nodular forms then changed to a dark brown macular coloration and persists afterward. She did not suffer from dry mouth or eye. However, when the medical history was examined carefully, she poi...

A multifunction φ : X ( Y is n-valued if φ(x) is an unordered subset of n points of Y for each x ∈ X. The (continuous) n-valued multimaps φ : S ( S are classified up to homotopy by an integer-valued degree. In the Nielsen fixed point theory of such multimaps, due to Schirmer, the Nielsen number N(φ) of an n-valued φ : S ( S of degree d equals |n − d| and φ is homotopic to an n-valued power map ...

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on postmenopausal tear function and the conjunctival epithelium. METHODS Schirmer I-Jones test, tear film break-up time (BUT), and impression cytology findings were analyzed in 34 eyes of 17 women who were at least two years postmenopausal and not taking HRT: This series of tests was repeated after three months on HRT. R...

BACKGROUND Diabetic patients often complain of dry eye symptoms, such as burning and/or foreign body sensation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether diabetes mellitus is correlated with tear film dysfunction and/or tear hyposecretion. METHODS In 86 consecutive insulin dependent diabetics with retinopathy and 84 non-diabetic controls (age and sex matched) we performed fluoro...