Alternative fuels and fuel-flexible ships are often seen as promising solutions for achieving significant greenhouse gas reductions in shipping. We formulate the selection of alternative corresponding ship power systems a bi-objective integer optimization problem. apply our model to Supramax Dry-bulker solve it lower bound price scenario including carbon tax. Within this setting, question wheth...

In this paper, we investigate the problem of species separation in minimal time. Droop model is considered to describe evolution two distinct populations microorganisms that are competition for same resource a photobioreactor. We focus on an optimal control (OCP) subject five-dimensional controlled system which represents dilution rate chemostat. The objective select desired minimal-time and sy...