A new method of optimization on linear parabolic solar collectors using exergy analysis is presented. A comprehensive mathematical modeling of thermal and optical performance is simulated and geometrical and thermodynamic parameters were assumed as optimization variables. By applying a derived expression for exergy efficiency, exergy losses were generated and the optimum design and operating co...

a mixture  of  sodium  lauryl  sulfate  (sls)  as  ionic  emulsifer  and  stearyl alcohol as non-ionic emulsifer was employed in a vinyl chloride emulsion polymerization  reaction  to  study  the  infuence  of  various  interactive parameters involved in the reaction system. it was found that the particle size was dependent on the amount and type of emulsifer. the average particle size of polyv...

Reaction-diffusion systems contribute to various morphogenetic processes, and can also be used as computation models in real and artificial chemistries. Evolving reaction-diffusion solutions automatically is interesting because it is otherwise difficult to engineer them to achieve a target pattern or to perform a desired task. However most of the existing work focuses on the optimization of par...

Self-optimization of chemical reactions enables faster optimization of reaction conditions or discovery of molecules with required target properties. The technology of self-optimization has been expanded to discovery of new process recipes for manufacture of complex functional products. A new machine-learning algorithm, specifically designed for multiobjective target optimization with an explic...

‎We consider nonconvex vector optimization problems with variable ordering structures in Banach spaces‎. ‎Under certain boundedness and continuity properties we present necessary conditions for approximate solutions of these problems‎. ‎Using a generic approach to subdifferentials we derive necessary conditions for approximate minimizers and approximately minimal solutions of vector optimizatio...

Properties of reaction zones resulting from A + B → C type reaction-diffusion processes are investigated by analytical and numerical methods. The reagents A and B are separated initially and, in addition, there is an initial macroscopic inhomogeneity in the distribution of the B species. For simple two-dimensional geometries, exact analytical results are presented for the time-evolution of the ...

The fundamental differences between the leading-order jump conditions, often assumed at a flame sheet in combustion theory, and the actual effect of a chemical reaction that satisfies Arrhenius kinetics with a finite activation temperature, need to be understood. These differences are “higher order” in terms of a large activation temperature analysis. However, they do provide a quantitative est...

A transketolase reaction was catalyzed by cyanide ion under prebiotic conditions instead of its modern catalyst, thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). Cyanide ion converted fructose plus glyceraldehyde to erythrose plus xylulose, the same products as are formed in modern biochemistry (but without the phosphate groups on the sugars). Cyanide was actually a better catalyst than was TPP in simple solution...

This paper mainly described the new instruments of microwave-promoted organic synthesis which were appraised, and several microwave-assisted synthetic reactions, such as esterification reaction, orthogonal experimental design and fentanyl synthetic reactions. In comparison with traditional methods of organic synthesis, microwave-assisted chemistry could make high-speed processing of chemical tr...

A classifier system is used to learn control and profit optimization of a batch chemical reaction. Ability to learn different market conditions and changes to reaction parameters is demonstrated. The profit sharing algorithm is used for apportionment of credit. The greater effectiveness of the use of the genetic algorithm over apportionment of credit alone or the random replacement of low stren...