the taguchi design of experiments was used to test the relative importance of medium components and environmental factors on poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)(phb) production by ralstonia eutropha. the optimum condition was obtained as: fructose concentration, 15 g/l; c/n ratio, 7.4; agitation speed 200 rpm; culture time, 40 h; temperature, 25 ° c; seed age, 15 h. at optimum condition the yield of phb pr...

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the major legume crops grown in Pakistan having a considerable importance as a food, feed and fodder but due to imbalanced use of fertilizers its production is low. To find the optimum level of Phosphorus and FYM for chickpea and study their effect on agronomic characteristics an experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research Farm of NWFP Agricul...

sugar beet as an industrial crop plays a main role in satisfying domestic demand of sugar. study on the production efficiency of sugar beet is important because this is a factor that influences production without additional cost. in this study, data envelopment analysis approach (dea), was implemented to calculate technical, administrative and scale efficiency of sugar beet production. also opt...

the removal of organic precursors of disinfection by-products (dbps), i.e. natural organic matter (nom), prior to disinfection is considered as the most effective approach to minimise the formation of dbps. trihalomethanes (thms) as the main group of dbps are categorized and considered to have the potentiality of increasing the rate of liver, kidney and cns adverse effects. this study which pre...

Essential oils have increasing importance in flavour and fragrance industries. They are obtained by distillation techniques. In order to produce an oil with market potential its optimum production parameters have to be well known prior to its commercial production. Determination of the steam distillation parameters of commercially available Laurel leaves oil in pilot plant scale is described. T...

conclusions biofilm formation (both strong and weak) strongly correlated with psla gene carriage. biofilm formation also correlated with mbl and ampc β-lactamase production. more importantly, multiple-β-lactamase phenotype was associated with formation of strong biofilms. results biofilm formation was observed in 43.5% of the isolates, of which 66.7% produced strong and 33.3% formed weak biofil...

bioedegradable nanoparticles are intensively investigated for their potential applications in drug delivery systems. being a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, chitosan holds great promise for use in this area. this investigation was concerned with determination and optimization of the effective parameters involved in the production of chitosan nanoparticles using ionic gelation method. s...

Salicylic acid (SA) is an endogenous plant growth regulator of phenolic nature that plays a key role in the regulation of plant growth, development, interaction with other organisms and in the responses to environmental stresses such as drought. An experiment was therefore, conducted to evaluation the influence of exogenous SA application on some traits of common bean under water stress conditi...