When controlling the performance of a system, it is often desirable to choose the control that will minimize errors in the system and do it in the shortest possible time. A practical matter that must be considered in the optimization in relation to rapid action is the fact that control is of a bounded nature. In a great many important cases, the constraint on the magnitude of the control effort...

INTRODUCTION This chapter concludes the model of internet consumer behavior by describing some key moderating variables such as gender, need for cognition (NFC) and optimum stimulation level (OSL)(Figure 1).

25 The intensification and increased frequency of weather extremes is emerging as one 26 of the most important aspects of climate change. We use Monte Carlo simulation to 27 understand and predict the consequences of variations in trends (i.e., directional 28 change) and stochasticity (i.e., increase in variance) of climate variables and 29 consequent selection pressure by using simple models o...

This research aims to formulate and to optimize a nanoemulsion-based formulation containing fullerene, an antioxidant, stabilized by a low amount of mixed surfactants using high shear and the ultrasonic emulsification method for transdermal delivery. Process parameters optimization of fullerene nanoemulsions was done by employing response surface methodology, which involved statistical multivar...

We shall extend Iri's multiplicative penalty function method for linear programming [41 so that it can handle the problem of unknown optimum value of the objective function, without solving both primal and dual problems simultaneously, and generate convergent dual solutions. By making use of these dual variables, lower bounds of the optimum objective function value are updated efficiently, whic...

nowadays energy has significant role in socio economic development of counties; any decision on energy sector may affect the broad area in societies. system approach in energy modeling as an efficient method is known by many researchers in management and planning in a country particularly in energy sector. also system dynamics is one of the efficient methods, for reason unique ability at solvin...

The purpose of this article is to describe three recent structure theorems in the theory of several complex variables and to point out a few of the many applications of these three theorems. In the first section we discuss a characterization of those currents (defined on an open subset of C) which correspond to integration over complex subvarieties. The second section is concerned with the stru...

Ala~traet--Errors-in-variables problems are considered for the case of three variables, where the underlying relations among the noise-free variables are linear, and covariance information for the noisy variables is available. The static problem where the variables are complex (which can arise when narrowband filtering is used) is analysed in detail. Some results are also presented for the case...