When human subjects are presented with visual displays consisting of random dots moving sideways at different velocities, they perceive transparent surfaces, moving in the same direction but located at different distances from themselves. They perceive depth from motion parallax, without any additional cues to depth, such as relative size, occlusion or binocular disparity. Simultaneously, large...

Anableps anableps (Cyprinodontiformes) inhabits the niche at the water surface such that its cornea is bisected by the water surface. Consequently, its visual field encompasses simultaneous views into air and water by ventral and dorsal retina, respectively. The optomotor response (OPM) of Anableps was elicited by a moving stimulus pattern in either one or the other environment. Using four rela...

Previous studies have shown that the nucleus of the basal optic root in birds is involved in optokinetic nystagmus, and its neurons respond not only to large-field stimuli but also to a single object moving through their excitatory receptive fields. The present study provides electrophysiological evidence that basal optic neurons in pigeons respond vigorously to motion of a black leading edge. ...

We investigated localization of brief visual targets during reflexive eye movements (optokinetic nystagmus). Subjects mislocalized these targets in the direction of the slow eye movement. This error decreased shortly before a saccade and temporarily increased afterwards. The pattern of mislocalization differs markedly from mislocalization during voluntary eye movements in the presence of visual...

PURPOSE Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) in young infants typically shows a temporal-to-nasal asymmetry under monocular viewing conditions. The neural basis for this asymmetry has been a matter of debate. One idea is that the OKN asymmetry reflects a similar asymmetry in the directional sensitivity of primary visual cortical (V1) neurons. An alternative hypothesis is that the OKN asymmetry is due to...