Effectiveness of furfural as an organic inhibitor in 5 percent hydrochloric acid which is used in acid pickling of steel was evaluated. Lungmuir, Frumkin and Flory-Huggins isotherms [1, 2] were used to determine the parameters of effective adsorption, free energy and entropy of adsorption. Furfural indicated an inhibition less than 17 percent in concentrations of 0.001 mole per liter for a dura...

During a study of organic acid formation by pure cultures of fungi isolated from soil, one fungus was discovered to produce, under the conditions employed, substantial amounts of an uncommon organic acid. This acid was present in the culture filtrates and was formed from glucose or from ethanol as the sole source of carbon. Apart from cell material and C02, the acid was the predominant metaboli...

GC-MS on the Viking 1976 Mars missions did not detect organic molecules on the Martian surface, even those expected from meteorite bombardment. This result suggested that the Martian regolith might hold a potent oxidant that converts all organic molecules to carbon dioxide rapidly relative to the rate at which they arrive. This conclusion is influencing the design of Mars missions. We reexamine...

It was previously demonstrated that the intestinal pathogen Vibrio cholerae could undergo an adaptive stress response known as the acid tolerance response (ATR). The ATR is subdivided into two branches, inorganic ATR and organic ATR. The transcriptional regulator ToxR, while not involved in inorganic ATR, is required for organic ATR in a ToxT-independent manner. Herein, we investigate the effec...

effectiveness of furfural as an organic inhibitor in 5 percent hydrochloric acid which is used in acid pickling of steel was evaluated. lungmuir, frumkin and flory-huggins isotherms [1, 2] were used to determine the parameters of effective adsorption, free energy and entropy of adsorption. furfural indicated an inhibition less than 17 percent in concentrations of 0.001 mole per liter for a dura...

Soluble sugars and organic acids are important components of fruit flavor and have a strong impact on the overall organoleptic quality of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) fruit. Several studies have analyzed the expression levels of the genes related to soluble sugar accumulation and the dynamic changes in their content during watermelon fruit development and ripening. Nevertheless, to date, ther...

In this study, we evaluated photosensitized chemistry at the air-sea interface as a source of secondary organic aerosols (SOA). Our results show that, in addition to biogenic emissions, abiotic processes could also be important in the marine boundary layer. Photosensitized production of marine secondary organic aerosol was studied in a custom-built multiphase atmospheric simulation chamber. The...

BACKGROUND For the development of lignocellulosic biofuels a common strategy to release hemicellulosic sugars and enhance the enzymatic digestibility of cellulose is the heat pretreatment of biomass with dilute acid. During this process, fermentation inhibitors such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, phenolics, and organic acids are formed and released into the so-called hydrolysate. The phe...