نتایج جستجو برای: osmolality
تعداد نتایج: 3419 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Phloem osmolality and its components are involved in basic cell metabolism, cell growth, and in various physiological processes including the ability of living cells to withstand drought and frost. Osmolality and sugar composition responses to environmental stresses have been extensively studied for leaves, but less for the secondary phloem of plant stems and branches. Leaf osmotic concentratio...
Transient generalized oedema was observed in a patient upon exposure to a hot climate. Oedema disappeared in 5 days. Clinical study during oedema revealed decreased urine volume, high urine osmolality, high urine sodium concentration, increased blood volume, hyponatraemia and hypo-osmolality. The total solute excretion was unchanged. The endogenous creatinine and para-aminohippurate clearances ...
We describe a case of diabetes insipidus after head injury in which thirst persisted despite treatment with DDAVP and normal plasma osmolality. Symptoms were only completely relieved when plasma osmolality was below 270 mosmol/kg. We believe that this might have been due to hypothalamic injury causing resetting of the thirst osmostat. To our knowledge, this type of primary polydipsia has not be...
Daily trends in blood pressure, osmolality and electrolytes were analyzed in a series of 173 operated aneurysm cases who had subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and were admitted within 4 days of the ictus. High blood pressure was associated with a greater risk of mortality and the development of clinically significant vasospasm (VSP). High osmolality shortly after admission was related to mortality ...
Organisms exposed to altered salinity must be able to perceive osmolality change because metabolism has evolved to function optimally at specific intracellular ionic strength and composition. Such osmosensing comprises a complex physiological process involving many elements at organismal and cellular levels of organization. Input from numerous osmosensors is integrated to encode magnitude, dire...
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of active heat acclimation on the sweat osmolality and sweat sodium ion concentration vs. sweat rate relationship in humans. Eight healthy male volunteers completed 10 days of exercise in the heat. The mean exercising heart rate and core temperature were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by 18 beats/min and 0.6 degrees C, respectively, foll...
Sixty-two consecutive episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) were studied at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Forty-four (71%) were type I and 18 (29%) type II diabetics. Mean age was 28.1 years and mean duration of diabetes 4.1 years. Infections were the most common precipitating factor accounting for 28 episodes (45.2%). Twenty-two patients (35.5%) had hyperosmolality (serum osmolality...
In brown trout surviving in acidified brook water, the plasma osmolality is reduced 15-25%. The decrease is much less than that expected from the measured reduction in the plasma concentration of Na+ and Cl-. This discrepancy cannot quantitatively be explained by the increase in plasma concentration of K+ (100%) and free amino compounds (mainly taurine; 280%) but appears mainly attributable to ...
Commercial fluid used for peritoneal lavage in peritonitis and in peritoneal dialysis suppressed the activity of peripheral blood leukocytes as measured by chemiluminescence, phagocytosis, and bacterial killing. Suppression was found to be due to the low pH and high osmolality of the fluid. The pH was adjusted to noninhibitory levels in vivo within 30 min, whereas osmolality changes were less r...
A study of 41 patients receiving methoxyflurane and 8 patients receiving halothane showed that on the first day after exposure to methoxyflurane there was a significant correlation between the reduction of urine osmolality and the dose of methoxyflurane. On the first and second days after exposure to methoxyflurane the patients who received a relatively large dose had significantly lower urine ...
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