OBJECTIVES Hypertension and hypervolemia relationship was proven among renal disease, although it is not known in normal population. Present study determines the fluid distribution defects in relation to blood pressure. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a population-based survey in Turkey demographics, height, weight, blood pressure, urine analysis, and serum creatinine measurements were recorded. Bioi...

Thirst and resultant water drinking can arise in response to deficits in both the intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments. Inhibitory influences mediating the satiation of thirst also are necessary to prevent overhydration. The brain regions that underpin the generation or inhibition of thirst in these circumstances can be categorized as sensory, integrative, or cortical effector sit...

To determine the relationship between total body water (TBW) fraction and local water content measured in the skin (SW) this study assessed eight anesthetized piglets in an overhydration model. TBW was assessed by deuterium oxide dilution and body mass measurements taken throughout the experiments, and by whole body carcass analysis at the end of each experiment. Additionally, extracellular wat...

Renal effects of physiological amounts of vasopressin were studied in conscious dogs during servocontrolled overhydration (2% body wt). During infusion of vasopressin (50 pg ⋅ min-1 ⋅ kg body wt-1), plasma vasopressin concentration increased to 2.30 ± 0.20 pg/ml compared with 0.12 ± 0.03 pg/ml during control (water diuresis). With vasopressin infusion, urine flow was significantly lower (0.30 ±...

nervous system. Prolonged continuous administration of glycerol does not produce marked alteration of fluid and electrolytes. It is almost totally excluded from the brain, which excludes the problem of rebound overhydration. It has significant nutritional value nad none of the side effects of steroids. The maior toxic effects of glycerol (hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, and renal failure) can be pre...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the pathophysiology of shock syndromes can be better understood by comparing central hemodynamics with kinetic data on fluid and electrolyte shifts. METHODS We studied the dilutional hyponatremic shock that developed in response to overhydration with electrolyte-free irrigating fluid - the so-called 'transurethral resection syndrome' - by comparing cardiac output...

A s AN introduction to a discussion of the blood pressure reducing function of the kidneys, I want to review what I believe to be the basic facts of renoprival hypertension. We have compared the average increase in blood pressure in groups of dogs treated in certain ways after bilateral nephrectomy. The overhydrated dogs developed renoprival hypertension more rapidly than the others, but all do...

Introduction It has been documented that preservation of residual renal function (RRF) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients could improve the quality of life as well as survival. To preserve RRF, different protective methods have been put into practice, such as sodium restriction, avoidance of nephrotoxic agents, use of reninangiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibition, and use of biocompat...

BACKGROUND Intradialytic hypertension (IDH) increases morbidity and mortality. The prevalence in South Africa is unknown. The pathogenesis is unclear, but it has been suggested that IDH may be due to subclinical fluid overload. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of IDH and to evaluate its association with fluid overload using bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS). METHODS A...

Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is common in hemodialysis (HD) patients. A recent study demonstrated that a high level of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) may be associated with PEW in those patients. This prospective study aimed to assess the association of NT-proBNP with body composition and muscle loss. A cohort of prevalent HD patients (n = 238) was examined. Blood samples...