OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress as a result of reperfusion injury is a known causative factor of cardiac muscle injury. In the peripheral blood as well in the coronary sinus, oxidative stress parameters and cardiac biomarkers were measured to investigate the different levels of oxidative stress during three different CABG techniques; MCABG (with minimal prime volume and warm blood cardioplegia) that...

Despite of the huge socio-economic burden, stroke still represents an unmet therapeutic need. Researchers failed to reproduce preclinical efficacy in subsequent clinical development. To bridge this translation failure, the Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Round Table (STAIR) has suggested a rigorous, robust, and detailed preclinical evaluation in at least 2 species and multiple cerebral ischemi...

Previous studies suggested that betaine intake might antagonize the induction of oxidative stress-mediated acute liver injury through regulation of the sulfur-amino acid metabolism. In this study we examined the protective effects of betaine on chronic liver injury and fibrosis induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN). Male rats were supplemented with betaine (1%, w/v) in drinking water from 2 week...

Excessive reactive oxygen/nitrogen species have been associated with the onset, progression, and outcome of sepsis, both in preclinical and clinical studies. However, the signaling pathways regulating oxidative/nitrative stress in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome are not fully understood. Employing the novel mouse model with genetic de...

The molecular mechanisms governing the spontaneous recovery seen following brain injury remain elusive, but recent studies indicate that injury-induced stimulation of hippocampal neurogenesis contributes to the repair process. The therapeutic potential of endogenous neurogenesis is tempered by the demonstration that traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in the selective death of adult-born immat...

Induction of hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) lowers blood pressure and reduces organ damage in hypertensive animal models; however, a potential protective role for HO-1 induction against diabetic-induced glomerular injury remains unclear. We hypothesize that HO-1 induction will protect against diabetes-induced glomerular injury by maintaining glomerular integrity and inhibiting renal apoptosis, inflamma...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical condition associated with a degree of morbidity and mortality despite supportive care, and ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) is one of the main causes of AKI. The pathophysiology of I/R injury is a complex cascade of events including the release of free oxygen radicals followed by damage to proteins, lipids, mitochondria, and der...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological disease. The pathophysiological mechanisms of SCI have been reported to be relevant to central nervous system injury such as brain injury. In this study, gene expression of the brain after SCI was elucidated using transcriptome analysis to characterize the temporal changes in global gene expression patterns in a SCI mouse model. Subjects we...

Nitric oxide is implicated in the pathogenesis of various neuropathologies characterized by oxidative stress. Although nitric oxide has been reported to be involved in the exacerbation of oxidative stress observed in several neuropathologies, existent data fail to provide a holistic description of how nitrergic pathobiology elicits neuronal injury. Here we provide a comprehensive description of...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of molecular hydrogen, a novel and selective antioxidant, on steroid-induced osteonecrosis (ON) in a rabbit model. METHODS Sixty rabbits were randomly divided into two groups (model group and hydrogen group). Osteonecrosis was induced according to an established protocol of steroid-induced ON. Rabbits in the hydr...