W HAVE previously shown that the enicardial-surface electrocardiogram is an inadequate index of localized myocardial ischemia. While striking chanares of polarographic oxygen and contractility regularly occur a few seconds after coronary arterial branch occlusion, epieardial electrocardiographic changes are delayed and sometimes absent. Intramyocardial electrocardiographic studies, on the other...

BACKGROUND Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in aortic stenosis (AS) is characterized by reduced myocardial perfusion reserve due to coronary microvascular dysfunction. However, whether this hypoperfusion leads to tissue deoxygenation is unknown. We aimed to assess myocardial oxygenation in severe AS without obstructive coronary artery disease, and to investigate its association with myocardial...

background: because of airway stimulations during the bronchoscopy and lack of direct access to the airway, preferred method of anesthesia for rigid bronchoscopy is already controversial. in this study we compared inhalation anesthesia with total intravenous anesthesia (tiva) for rigid bronchoscopy. method and materials: 30 patients aged 2-6 years were chosen divided on two same groups. anesthe...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) therapy on oxygenation and mortality in children with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Thirty-three children with ARDS and an arterial SatO2 <88% despite mechanical ventilation were analyzed. Patients in the iNO group were prospectively enrolled and treated with conventional therapy plus iNO. The control...

The purpose of this review is to discuss the management of the low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) following surgery for congenital heart disease. The LCOS is a well-recognized, frequent post-operative complication with an accepted collection of hemodynamic and physiologic aberrations. Approximately 25% of children experience a decrease in cardiac index of less than 2 L/min/m2 within 6-18 hours ...

OBJECTIVE To determine prospectively the efficacy of surfactant in acute respiratory distress syndrome. STUDY DESIGN Twenty patients, 1 month to 16 years of age, diagnosed with an acute pulmonary disease with severe hypoxaemia (PaO2/FiO2 < 100) (13 with systemic or pulmonary disease and seven with cardiac disease) were treated with one to six doses of 50-200 mg/kg of porcine surfactant admini...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) negatively impacts stroke outcome. Near-infrared spectroscopy showed the acute cerebral hemodynamic effects of SDB. METHODS Eleven patients (7 men, age 61±13 years) with acute/subacute middle cerebral artery stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 10±7) and SDB (apnea-hypopnea index 32±28/hour) were assessed with nocturn...

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygenation (COx) are generally well-preserved in COPD. It is unknown whether prevalent cardiovascular co-morbidities, such as heart failure, may impair CBF and COx responses to exertion. Eighteen males with moderate-to-severe COPD (8 with and 10 without overlapping heart failure) underwent a progressive exercise test with pre-frontal CBF and COx measurements (indo...

OBJECTIVE To describe the utility of high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) as a rescue therapy in patients with respiratory failure secondary to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) that was refractory to conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV). DESIGN Descriptive study by retrospective review. SETTING Pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary care children's hospital. PATIENTS Infants o...

The purpose of this research was to compare vigilance performance over time for visual, auditory, and vibrotactile tasks, while simultaneously recording oxygenation in the frontal lobe to assess physiological resource utilization. Subjective workload was assessed in each condition using the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). The data indicate a significant effect of time-on-task in all experiment...