Hydromorphone is a semi-synthetic μ-agonist commercially available in oral, rectal and injectable formulations for the control of acute and chronic pain [1]. Hydromorphone is typically used for moderate-to-severe pain, and is an effective alternative to morphine [1]. Like other μ-agonists in the opioid family there is no ceiling effect for hydromorphone, and cross-tolerance with other opioids i...

The temporal relationship between mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production during apoptosis remains unknown. We analyzed the rate of superoxide production of human breast carcinoma cells expressing a cytochrome c-green fluorescent protein (cyt-c-GFP) fusion protein at the single-cell level during apoptosis. In cells treated with the proapoptotic agents stau...

Large, contaminated wounds are difficult and expensive to treat. Honey contains many nutrients and minerals and has a bactericidal effect due to hydrogen peroxide liberation and a phytochemical constituent. The use of honey in the management of wounds enhances healing and eliminates invading bacteria without the use of systemic antibiotics. Honey also decreases inflammatory edema. Thus the use ...

To the Editor. This letter is written in regard to the excellent case report "Reversal of narcotic-induced biliary spasm with nalbuphine hydrochloride" by Thomas McHugh, CRNA (December, 1985 AANA Journal). This case report clearly demonstrates one of several new and unique applications of nalbuphine (Nubain*). In addition, a previous study entitled "Outpatient anesthesia with nalbuphine hydroch...

Synaptosomes swell rapidly in isosmotic solutions of glycerol or urea, but the swelling in solutions of larger non-electrolytes. such as erythritol, glucose or sucrose is slower. The permeability of synaptosomes to non-electrolytes is temperature dependent, and the low activation energies for the permeation of urea (13 kcdl/mol) and erythritol (9.5 kcal/mol) indicate that the penetration of non...

The activation of G protein-coupled receptors results in a cascade of events that include acute signaling, desensitization, and internalization, and it is thought that not all agonists affect each process to the same extent. The early steps in opioid receptor signaling, including desensitization, have been characterized electrophysiologically using brain slice preparations, whereas most previou...

INSTRUCTIONSTo obtain continuing education credit:1.Read the article carefully.2.Read each question and determine correct answer.3.Visit PedsCESM, ce.napnap.org , to complete online Posttest evaluation.4.You must receive 70% responses certificate.5.Tests will be accepted until August 31, 2022. OBJECTIVES1.State differences of most common urine drug screening testing modalities: immunoassay gas ...

IntroductionThe incidence of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) in increasing. Evidence primary hip and knee suggest that preoperative opioid use is a risk factor for postoperative complication. This relationship TSA unknown. The purpose this study was to investigate relationship.MethodsThe Truven Marketscan claims database used identify patients who underwent primary, unilateral TSA. Preoperati...