suppose $g$ is a finite group, $a$ and $b$ are conjugacy classes of $g$ and $eta(ab)$ denotes the number of conjugacy classes contained in $ab$. the set of all $eta(ab)$ such that $a, b$ run over conjugacy classes of $g$ is denoted by $eta(g)$.the aim of this paper is to compute $eta(g)$, $g in { d_{2n}, t_{4n}, u_{6n}, v_{8n}, sd_{8n}}$ or $g$ is a decomposable group of order $2pq$, a group of...

we prove that the class of profinite groups $g$ that have a factorization $g=ab$ with $a$ and $b$ abelian closed subgroups, is closed under taking strict projective limits. this is a generalization of a recent result by k.h.~hofmann and f.g.~russo. as an application we reprove their generalization of iwasawa's structure theorem for quasihamiltonian pro-$p$ groups.

OBJECTIVE To determine reliability and validity of objectively structured teaching examination (OSTE) and the difference in the examination scores of two consecutive Health Professions Education batches. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional analytical study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY The College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, Karachi, from November 2011 to April 2012. METHODOLOGY The OSTE...

OBJECTIVES To analyse the effects of rosiglitazone administered at different times on neointimal formation in hypercholesterolemic rabbits following vascular injury. METHODS Thirty-nine rabbits on a hypercholesterolemic diet were included. The animals underwent balloon catheter injury to the right iliac artery on day 14. They were divided into three groups as follows: control group, 13 rabbit...

OBJECTIVE The aim of our study is to compare the effect of ketamine-propofol mixture (ketofol) and propofol on the laryngeal tube-Suction II (LTS II) insertion conditions and hemodynamics. METHODS Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists class 1 and 2 patients were divided into 2 random groups to receive either 1 µg/kg remifentanil and propofol 2 mg/kg in Group P (n = 40), or 1 µg/kg remi...

Aim: In this study, we aimed to compare the admission and examination data of patients who presented our emergency department with neurological symptoms in April 2019 (before) 2020 (during COVID-19 pandemic).Methods: The study included underwent cranial computed tomography (CT), including additionally CT angiography for suspected stroke. Thus, sample consisted a total 960 patients, whom 676 (Gr...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Prothrombin induced by vitamin K defi-ciency or antagonist II (PIVKA-II) is a widely used diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated the correlation between alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and serum PIVKA-II levels in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 2,528 CLD patients without HCC. Among thes...

BACKGROUND The effect of ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric (II-IH) nerve block on postoperative pain is well documented when performed before Caesarean section (CS) but the efficacy remains unclear when performed after the surgical procedure. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of II-IH nerve block on postoperative pain and analgesic consumption in patients when performed after CS...

Background & Objectives: This study was conducted to compare the differences in the onset, duration of action and complications of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (group I) and intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% with midazolam 2.5 mg (group II) in lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries Materials and Methods: Hundred patients belonging to ASA grade – I and Grade-II (each group, n=...