The effect of lower organic alcohols as co-surfactants (methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, propanediol, n-butanol and isoamylalcohol) and n-hexane as an organic modifier in 12.5 mol/l phosphate buffer with varying SDS concentration was investigated using a set of vitamins and p-hydroxybenzoic acid as the test mixture. It was demonstrated that optimum separations can be achieved particu...

Parabens are effective preservatives widely used in cosmetic products and processed food, with high human exposure. Recent evidence suggests that parabens exert estrogenic effects. This work investigated the potential interference of parabens with the estrogen-activating enzyme 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) 1 and the estrogen-inactivating 17β-HSD2. A ligand-based 17β-HSD2 pharmacop...

Mustard bran is enriched with bioactive phenolic compounds and glucosinolates, yet it underutilized as a low-value processing by-product. Here, we investigate the effects of solid-state fermentation (SSF) using various food-grade microorganisms (Aspergillus spp., Rhizopus Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on phytochemical composition antioxidant activities oriental mustard yellow bra...

The AS-PT (aromatic substrate prenyltransferase) family plays a critical role in the biosynthesis of important quinone compounds such as ubiquinone and plastoquinone, although biochemical characterizations of AS-PTs have rarely been carried out because most members are membrane-bound enzymes with multiple transmembrane alpha-helices. PPTs [PHB (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) prenyltransferases] are a l...

The p-hydroxybenzoic acid (BA) is a widespread phenolic compound often cited as allelochemical [1], released into soil by root exudates of Avena fatua [2], leaf leachates, and decomposed plant tissues of Triticum aestivum L. [3]. Because of the herbicidal potential of BA on crops [4] and weed species [5], commercially available BA was tested on photosynthetic efficiency, yield and non-photochem...

Present study focuses on the evaluation of butyl p-hydroxybenzoic acid (butylparaben CAS No: 94-26-8) exerted hepatotoxicity in mice. Oral administration of three different doses of butylparaben (40, 20 and 13.33 mg/0.2 mL olive oil/kg b.w./day) for 30 days has resulted in marked increase in lipid peroxidation. The effect was dose-dependent. Biochemical analysis revealed significant (p < 0.05) ...

The effects of the Fenton reagent on recycled unbleached pulp in the absence and presence of a model chemical contaminant, the p-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA), were studied. In the absence of HBA, the Fenton system clearly modified the chemical and papermaking properties of the pulp. The kappa number was reduced and the specific light absorption coefficient was increased, indicating lignin modifica...

Prime focus of the present investigation was to evaluate hepatoprotective potency of Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum) aqueous extract against butyl p-hydroxybenzoic acid (butylparaben) toxicity in mice. Oral treatment of butylparaben (1320 mg/kg b.w./day) to mice for 30 days resulted in significant (p < 0.05) elevation in hepatic lipid peroxidation, which could be due to significant (p < 0.05) reduc...

The phenolic composition of extracts from Uncaria tomentosa L. from different regions of Costa Rica was studied using advanced analytical techniques such as UPLC/TQ-ESI-MS and (13)C-NMR. Samples from leaves, stems, bark and wood (n = 22) were subjected to extraction to obtain phenolic and alkaloid extracts, separately. Comparatively, higher values of total phenolic content were observed for lea...

An increasing interest has been sustained in the chemistry of metal-organic frameworks owing to their unique unusual properties and potential biological activities. Mono-substituted derivatives of benzoic acid such as hydroxybenzoic and nitrobenzoic acids demonstrate a low antimicrobial and moderate growth stimulating actions. Ethanolamines also show the same types of the biological action. In ...