Let f be a Borel measurable mapping of a Luzin (i.e. absolute Borel metric) space L onto a metric space M such that f(F ) is a Borel subset of M if F is closed in L. We show that then f−1(y) is a Kσ set for all except countably many y ∈M , that M is also Luzin, and that the Borel classes of the sets f(F ), F closed in L, are bounded by a fixed countable ordinal. This gives a converse of the cla...

Let A be a finite-dimensional, power-associative algebra over a field F, either R or C, and let S, a subset of A, be closed under scalar multiplication. A real-valued function f defined on S, shall be called a subnorm if f(a) > 0 for all 0 = a ∈ S, and f(αa) = |α|f(a) for all a ∈ S and α ∈ F. If in addition, S is closed under raising to powers, then a subnorm f shall be called stable if there e...

In this paper, we investigate the concept of topological stationary for locally compact semigroups. In [4], T. Mitchell proved that a semigroup S is right stationary if and only if m(S) has a left Invariant mean. In this case, the set of values ?(f) where ? runs over all left invariant means on m(S) coincides with the set of constants in the weak* closed convex hull of right translates of f. Th...

Given a topological groupG (usually compact abelian), the authors study the poset D = D(G) of dense subgroups of G and its impact on the algebraic structure of G. A key tool for this is the subgroup den(G) := ∩ D. Definition. For a cardinal κ ≥ 1, a topological group is in the class Ff (κ) [F(κ); F2(κ); Fad(κ), respectively] if some family of κ-many dense subgroups of G is independent and freel...

‎in this paper, a new class of fuzzy sets called fuzzy strongly ${{g}^{*}}$-closed sets is introduced and its properties are investigated. moreover, we study some more properties of this type of closed spaces.

We prove that for every Q-homological Finsler 3-sphere (M,F ) with a bumpy and irreversible metric F , either there exist two non-hyperbolic prime closed geodesics, or there exist at least three prime closed geodesics.

A modified approach, involving the addition of a low frequency boost voltage, is developed and adopted as an enhancement to the conventional closed loop f v speed control of a three-phase squirrel cage induction motor modeled in the stationary qd reference frame using six-step voltage source inverter waveform. The results obtained show a superior performance in the two basic mechanical characte...

A considerable problemof some bitopological covering properties is the bitopological unstability with respect to the presence of the pairwise Hausdorff separation axiom. For instance, if the space is RR-pairwise paracompact, its two topologies will collapse and revert to the unitopological case. We introduce a new bitopological separation axiom τS2σ which is appropriate for the study of the bit...