Multilevel inverters produce a staircase output voltage from DC voltage sources. Requiring great number of semiconductor switches is main disadvantage of multilevel inverters. The multilevel inverters can be divided in two groups: symmetric and asymmetric converters. The asymmetric multilevel inverters provide a large number of output steps without increasing the number of DC voltage sources an...

One of the main orientations in power electronics in the last decade has been the development of switching-mode converters without inductors and transformers. Light weight, small size and high power density are the result of using only switches and capacitors in the power stage of these converters. Thus, they serve as ideal power supplies for mobile electronic systems (e.g. cellular phones, per...

-Advanced thin film processing and packaging technologies are employed in the fabrication of new planar thinfilm multifunction thermal converters. The processing, packaging, and design features build on experience gained from prior NIST demonstrations of thin-film converters and are optimized for improved sensitivity, bandwidth, manufacturability, and reliability.

Folding and interpolating converters offer the speed of flash type devices but at a fraction of the area and power consumption. The performance of bipolar based folding converters has come to rival that of other topologies [l]. This work describes a folding architecture that is compatible with digital CMOS. For speed, the analog circuitry is fullydifferential continuous-time current-mode and op...

Novel techniques for multi-bit oversampled data conversion are described. State-of-the-art oversampled data converters are analyzed, leading to the conclusion that their performance is limited mainly by low-resolution signal representation. To increase the resolution, high-performance, high-resolution internal D/A converters are required. Unit-element mismatch-shaping D/A converters are analyze...

BACKGROUND Subjects who convert to type 2 diabetes mellitus have increased cardiovascular risk factors relative to nonconverters. However, it is not known whether these atherogenic changes in the prediabetic state are predominantly due to insulin resistance, decreased insulin secretion, or both. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined this issue in the 7-year follow-up of the San Antonio Heart Study,...

Dc-dc power converters are employed in a variety of applications, including power supplies for personal computers, office equipment, spacecraft power systems, laptop computers, and telecommunications equipment, as well as dc motor drives. The input to a dc-dc converter is an unregulated dc voltage Vg. The converter produces a regulated output voltage V, having a magnitude (and possibly polarity...