CONTEXT Homosexual and bisexual men infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at increased risk for human papillomavirus-related anal neoplasia and anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). OBJECTIVE To estimate the clinical benefits and cost-effectiveness of screening HIV-positive homosexual and bisexual men foranal squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASIL) and anal SCC. DESIGN Cost-eff...

Background: Cervical cancer caused by infection with a sexually transmitted agent human papillomavirus (HPV), can be readily prevented by identifying and treating women with HPVinduced precancerous lesions of the cervix. Objective: To study the profile of cervical smear cytology in rural women in western Maharashtra. Methods: The study was designed to look at the previous reports of the Pap sme...

The screening of cancer is important in secondary prevention in clinical oncology. The cervical cancer screening by pelvic examination and Pap smear test is the standard practice worldwide. However, the coverage of the screening is an important consideration in public health. Some specific vulnerable populations are considered to have a low chance of having access to health care services includ...

Pap stain was first developed by Dr GN Papanicoloau in 1947 and since then it has been used successfully to screen cervical cancer. In fact, it has reduced the incidence of cervical cancer by 70% especially in developed countries having well planned screening programs. However, the stain has undergone various modifications from regressive conventional method to progressive rapid Pap staining wh...

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in women in developing countries. A key factor linked to the relatively high levels of cervical cancer in these populations is the lack of awareness and access to preventive methods. This study aimed to determine the level of awareness of cervical cancer and Papanicolaou test (Pap smear test) and factors associated with the utilization of Pap t...

The study assessed whether a mass media campaign could encourage women who were overdue for a Papanicolaou (Pap) test to have one, without prompting unnecessary early re-screening. A telephone survey of a representative sample of 1000 Victorian women aged 25-65 years assessed recall of the advertisement and intention to act after seeing it. The television advertisement was recalled by 61.5% of ...

BACKGROUND Our aim was to investigate the efficacy of the Pap test in combination with the ThinPrep cytological test (TCT) in screening for cervical cancer in China. DESIGN From March 2006 to October 2008, 988 women with the mean age 46.4 ± 10.5 years (range, 23-80 years) were recruited to receive cervical cancer screening. Pap test results ≥ grade III and TCT findings ≥ ASCUS/AGUS were consi...

this study has been designed to compare visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid (via test) with cytology as an accepted method for screening of cervical carcinoma and its precursors. 1200 eligible women were examined by both pap-smear and via tests in imam khomeini hospital, a referral general hospital in tehran, iran. those who had abnormal results in one or both of the screening tests (n...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of liquid cytology in Pap smears in women with developmental disabilities (DD) for endocervical cell yield and abnormalities, via speculum examination or blind technique. METHODS We used retrospective chart review of gynecological visits by women with DD from October 2002 to November 2005. Cervical cytology screening included speculum examination or blind techniq...

In France, cervical cancer screening is currently based on cytological examination of a Pap smear for women aged 25 to 65, but screening coverage is unsatisfactory. Previous studies have shown that self-sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing increases rates of compliance. With this purpose in mind, we performed the CapU study to evaluate the acceptance of a urinary HPV test. Letters pr...