a long-standing debate among the vocabulary researchers is the depth of processing to learn vocabulary. this paper is a quantitative research which considers a revision in the “involvement load hypothesis” proposed by laufer and hulstijn in 2001. it investigates the role of proficiency and evaluation in this hypothesis in order to better reveal its potential contribution to vocabulary learning....

Parents are the prime educators until the child attends an early year setting of the school and they remain a major influence on their children’s learning throughout school and beyond. The school teachers and parents both have crucial roles to play in case of Mentally Challenged children. Nevid, Rathus and Greene (2000) agree that people who have mental retardation are often demeaned and ridicu...

This study tested associations between general parenting dimensions, antismoking socialization practices, and parental smoking status on the one hand and adolescent smoking on the other. These associations were examined within asthmatic adolescents, a group particularly vulnerable to the effects of smoking. Participants were 9,008 young adolescents (aged 11-16 years) from the Netherlands. Assoc...

OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to assess clinicians' views and experiences of providing immediate neonatal care at birth beside the mother, and of using a mobile trolley designed to facilitate this bedside care. DESIGN Qualitative interview study with semistructured interviews. RESULTS The results were analysed using thematic analysis. SETTING A large UK maternity unit. PARTICIP...

There is increasing concern that American children are not achieving at their full potential. A particular point of risk is early adolescence when American children often view school as less valuable, becoming less engaged as well. Initial research in China does not find such a trend. The goal of the current research was to elucidate why the movement away from school evident in the United State...

Past literature has established an association between children's alcohol-related behaviors and parents' use of and attitudes toward alcohol. However, most studies tend to measure parental use and attitudes through proxy, i.e. children's perception. It is not clear the extent to which actual parental use and attitudes influence children's alcohol behaviors. The current study directly used paren...

Alongside good quality care before and during a cataract operation, careful postoperative care and long term follow-up are essential for good outcomes in children undergoing cataract surgery. This is only possible with the active and ongoing involvement of parents. By giving their child the medication prescribed for them, at the correct times, parents play a vital role in helping the eye to hea...

Research demonstrates the positive impact of parental involvement on students, families and schools. Studies also indicate a close connection between effective school-home communication and increased parental involvement and engagement in learning. Effective selection and use of Information Communication Technologies (ICT) invites more effective school-home communication, increasing parental in...

The purpose of this study was to investigate both parent and child perceptions parental involvement, expectations, pressure, warmth, the relationship these variables with GPA. It hypothesized that each independent would be positively correlated GPA, excluding which negatively also combination high expectations low involvement have a positive pressure negative warmth. Parents (n = 158) children ...

Virtual communities (VCs) potentially increase community interaction, social support, civic engagement, and social capital. Concurrently, education research suggests that one important factor in improving student achievement is community and parent involvement. Would building a VC in a K-6 school to support information exchange facilitate parents’ involvement in school activities? How can a K-6...