The effective gauge field actions generated by charged fermions in QED3 and QCD3 can be made invariant under both small and large gauge transformations at any temperature by suitable regularization of the Dirac operator determinant, at the price of parity anomalies. We resolve the paradox that the perturbative expansion is not invariant, as manifested by the temperature dependence of the induce...

Mutually coupled modes of a pair of active LRC circuits, one with amplification and another with an equivalent amount of attenuation, provide an experimental realization of a wide class of systems where gain/loss mechanisms break the Hermiticity while preserving parity-time PT symmetry. For a value γPT of the gain/loss strength parameter the eigen-frequencies undergo a spontaneous phase transit...

This paper envisions coding with side information to design a highly scalable video codec. To achieve fine-grained scalability in terms of resolution, quality, and spatial access as well as temporal access to individual frames, the JPEG 2000 coding algorithm has been considered as the reference algorithm to encode INTRA information, and coding with side information has been envisioned to refres...

OBJECTIVE To determine the outcome of sacrocervicopexy and combined operations in the treatment of uterovaginal prolapse in women with desire to preserving both uterus and fertility. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION Sacrocervicopexy with Prolene mesh and combined operations were performed in 3 women with total uterine prolapse because of the patient's desire to retain fertility in 2 cas...

eighteen primiparous rabbit does comprising of six per breed of new zealand white (nzw), chinchilla (cc) and dutch belted (db). they were randomly allocated to three rebreeding interval groups of 7, 14 and 21 days postpartum. three breeding males, one per breed were used giving a total of 21 rabbits. significant (p

Block Truncation coding (BTC) is a technique for image compression. To divide the original image into many nonoverlapped blocks, each of which is represented by two distinct values. In traditional BTC, the two values preserve the firstand second-moment characteristics of the original block. Nowadays, most of the multimedia is compressed before it is stored. It is more appropriate to embed infor...

We introduce the fermionic ZW calculus, a string-diagrammatic language for fermionic quantum computing (FQC). After defining a fermionic circuit model, we present the basic components of the calculus, together with their interpretation, and show how the main physical gates of interest in FQC can be represented in the language. We then list our axioms, and derive some additional equations. We pr...

The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. We introduce an exactly solvable model of interacting Majorana fermions realizing Z 2 topological order with a Z 2 fermion parity grading and lattice symmetries permuting the three fundamental anyon types. We propose a concrete physical realization by utilizing quantum phase sl...

We present and analyze two simple algorithms for finding satisfying assignments of -CNFs (Boolean formulae in conjunctive normal form with at most literals per clause). The first is a randomized algorithm which, with probability approaching 1, finds a satisfying assignment of a satisfiable -CNF formula in time . The second algorithm is deterministic, and its running time approaches for large an...

Background and Objectives: Recently, photonic crystals have been considered as the basic structures for the realization of various optical devices for high speed optical communication. Methods: In this research, two dimensional photonic crystals are used for designing all optical logic gates. A photonic crystal structure with a triangular lattice is proposed for making NAND, XNOR, and OR optica...