UNLABELLED Over one-quarter of the world's population relies on fuel-based lighting. Kerosene lamps are often located in close proximity to users, potentially increasing the risk for respiratory illnesses and lung cancer. Particulate matter concentrations resulting from cook stoves have been extensively studied in the literature. However, characterization of particulate concentrations from fuel...

Particulate matter (PM) is regarded a major problem worldwide because of the harm it causes to human health. Concentrations PM with particle diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) and 10 (PM10) are based on various emission sources as well meteorological factors. In Bangkok, where PM2.5 PM10 monitoring stations few, ability estimate concentrations at any location its environment will benefit healthc...

To evaluate the burden of air pollution on years of life lost (YLL) in addition to mortality, we conducted a time series analysis based on the data on air pollution, meteorological conditions and 163,704 non-accidental deaths of Ningbo, China, 2009-2013. The mean concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <10 μm, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm, sulfur d...

BACKGROUND Few cohort studies of the health effects of urban air pollution have been published. There is evidence, most consistently in studies with individual measurement of social factors, that more deprived populations are particularly sensitive to air pollution effects. METHODS Records from the 1996 New Zealand census were anonymously and probabilistically linked to mortality data, creati...

We assessed the effect of daily variations in ambient air pollutants on exhaled nitric oxide fraction (F(eNO)) using data from a cohort of school children with large differences in air pollutant exposures from the Children's Health Study. Based on a cohort of 2,240 school children from 13 Southern Californian communities, cumulative lagged average regression models were fitted to determine the ...

Health risk assessments of particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM(2.5)) often assume that all constituents of PM(2.5) are equally toxic. While investigators in previous epidemiologic studies have evaluated health risks from various PM(2.5) constituents, few have conducted the analyses needed to directly inform risk assessments. In this study, the authors performed a literature revi...

BACKGROUND Although many studies have examined the effects of air pollution on mortality, data limitations have resulted in fewer studies of both particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 and < 10 microm; PM coarse). We conducted a national, multicity time-series study of the...

BACKGROUND Little evidence exists about the health risks and benefits associated with using public buses and subways rather than cars. The objective of the current study was to assess the magnitude and variance of personal exposure to particulate matter 2.5 microns or smaller (PM(2.5)) and concomitant physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) for transportation by car, subway, or walking. M...

This review describes the different steps involved in the determination of arsenic in air, considering the particulate matter (PM) and the gaseous phase. The review focuses on sampling, sample preparation and instrumental analytical techniques for both total arsenic determination and speciation analysis. The origin, concentration and legislation concerning arsenic in ambient air are also consid...

Fine particulate matter (PM) is object of particular attention due to its health effects. It currently regulated by adopting PM2.5 as an indicator control anthropogenic combustion emissions. Therefore, it crucial collect aerosol samples representative such sources, without including PM from natural sources. Thus, a clean separation between coarse and fine mode should be set. With this purpose, ...