Economic values of milk volume (VOL), fat yield (FYLD), protein yield (PYLD), live weight (LWT), longevity (LON), calving interval (CIV) and somatic cell score (SCS) were derived for Holstein and Jersey cattle, based on milk payment systems of four major milk buyers in South Africa. The economic value of somatic cell score was calculated for only two of the payment systems. A bio-economic model...

In this study a simulation analysis is applied to address the change in banks liquidity demand due to a shift in settlement method brought about by adopting Real Time Gross Settlement System. At the first stage of this research, we use a data generator model along with some information on the time distribution of coded cheques over a working day in order to produce intraday flow of payment...

A dynamic game-based model of electronic payment systems is proposed, which is used to analyze formally security property of electronic payment protocols. Compared with previous work, the main contributions are as follows. Firstly, using strategic games to model channels in three kinds of qualities and participants of dishonest behaviors makes it able to analyze cooperative and adversarial beha...

Based on the user’s perceived value and perceived risk, this paper constructs the model of the willingness to use the willingness to pay the user, designs the corresponding questionnaire and conducts the online sample survey, and uses Excel and SPSS20.0 to analyze the theoretical model and research hypothesis, then puts forward some suggestions to promote the development of WeChat payment platf...

HERE WE PRESENT the likelihood function used to estimate the parameters of the demand model. The model can be thought of as a system of four “standard” equations: (i) a tobit down payment equation (with censoring at the minimum down), (ii) a probit purchase equation, (iii) a tobit repayment equation (with censoring at full payment or at the end of our sample), and (iv) a linear price negotiatio...

This paper studies economic utilities and quality of service (QoS) in a two-sided non-neutral market where Internet service providers (ISPs) charge content providers (CPs) for the content delivery. We propose new models that involve a CP, an ISP, end users and advertisers. The CP may have either a subscription revenue model (charging end users) or an advertisement revenue model (charging advert...

Introduction In an effort to moderate the unsustainable rate of increase in health care costs and improve the quality of patient care and health outcomes, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts (BCBSMA) introduced in 2009 a new provider payment model called the Alternative Quality Contract (AQC). Hospitals and physicians who enter into the AQC agree to take responsibility for the full continuu...

payment mechanism health insurance is a serious challenge for policy makers, access to health, continuing care, need to technology, huge expenses a considerable part of health funds is collected. therefore organizing and designing appropriate policies for organizing, financing, payment mechanism for providers and role of diagnostic related groups system. in this study, our main objective study ...