This paper describes and demonstrates a new method for determination of current density distribution in an operating polymer electrolyte membrane ~PEM! fuel cell. The technique is a modification of the current mapping technique that relies on an array of shunt resistors embedded within a current collecting plate. Standard, nonaltered membrane electrode assemblies are utilized with gas diffusion...

A singularly perturbed model is proposed for a system comprised of a PEM Fuel Cell(PEM-FC) with Natural Gas Hydrogen Reformer (NG-HR). This eighteenth order system is decomposedinto slow and fast lower order subsystems using singular perturbation techniques that provides tools forseparation and order reduction. Then, three different types of controllers, namely an optimal full-order,a near-opti...

The rate of generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) of an operating proton exchange member fuel cell (PEMFC) was monitored using in situ fluorescence spectroscopy. A modified barrier layer was introduced between the PEM and the electrocatalyst layer to eliminate metal-dye interactions and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) effects dur...

The novel cathode matrix flow field in PEM fuel cell that significantly improves the performance is experimentally investigated.

In this paper, fault-tolerant MPC control of PEM fuel cells is addressed. MPC is a suitable control methodology to control fuel cell systems because of their multivariable and complex behaviour. Additionally, MPC is one of the control methodologies that can introduce more easily fault-tolerance. However, the problem of including actuator fault-tolerance in the control loops of these systems has...

Today’s increasingly competitive industrial environment demands shorter product development lead-times, lower costs, and higher quality products. These requirements produce more complex design problems that are characterized by multiple design objectives as well as complex design objective and constraint relations. The optimization of these computationally intensive design problems leads to new...

In this paper, the sensor selection approach is investigated with the aim of using fewer sensors to provide reliable fuel cell diagnostic and prognostic results. The sensitivity of sensors is firstly calculated with a developed fuel cell model. With sensor sensitivities to different fuel cell failure modes, the available sensors can be ranked. A sensor selection algorithm is used in the analysi...

This paper presents a Stochastic Multi-objective Optimal Operation Management (SMOOM) framework of distribution networks in presence of PEM-Fuel Cell Power Plants (FCPPs) and boilers. Operational costs, thermal recovery, power trade with grid and hydrogen management strategies are considered in this model. Furthermore, four objective functions has been considered as criteria for SMOOM, i.e. ele...

In view of the stringent CO intolerance of the state-of-the-art proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, it is desirable to explore CO-free fuel processing alternatives. In recent years, step-wise reforming of hydrocarbons has been proposed for production of CO-free hydrogen for fuel cell applications. The decomposition of hydrocarbons (first step of the step-wise reforming process) has been ...

this paper presents a control strategy for fuel cell/energy storage power generation system during voltage sag conditions. the hybrid dc power sources are connected to grid using power electronic converters include dc-dc converter and grid connected voltage source inverter. the power from hybrid power sources is controlled during voltage sag by designing of control strategy for dc-dc converter....